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Preparation method of secondary spawn and production spawn of straw mushroom
Secondary spawn is the spawn made by transferring primary spawn into secondary spawn substrate. Secondary spawn can be used directly as production spawn. Generally, secondary spawn is transferred to the same kind of substrate for expanded culture to become production spawn. Secondary spawn is generally placed in 750 ml mushroom bottles or plastic bags. (1) Preparation of substrate. Formula 1: rice straw 90%, bran (rice bran) 9%, gypsum powder 1%. The preparation method is to select golden-yellow, non-moldy dry rice straw, cut it into 3 cm lengths, soak it in clean water for about 12 hours to
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Detailed Explanation of the Processing and Production Method for Salted Sour Carambola (Starfruit) Brine Preserves
Carambola (starfruit) falls into two major types: one is crisp, clean and sweet, suitable for eating fresh or for processing into carambola juice, carambola in syrup canned goods, and the like. Whether eaten fresh or processed, its quality and flavor are quite good. The other type is extremely sour and astringent, mostly grown in mountainous areas without any special cultivation by people. Because of its strong sourness, this kind of sour carambola is not suitable for eating fresh, but it can serve as a raw material for sugar-preserved products. To store the raw material, it can first be made into a semi-finished salted brine preserve. There are two methods for making the salted brine preserve. One is the brine curing method: prepare a 5-8% salt solution to
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How to Make Flaked Mashed Potatoes? A Detailed Guide to the Production Method
1. Production process: Potatoes → washing → peeling → slicing → precooking → cooling → steaming → grinding → drying → crushing → packaging → finished product. 2. Key production points (1) Raw material selection: Remove sprouted and greened potatoes as well as rotten and diseased tubers. If there is sprouting or greening, the sprouted or greened parts must be cut off, or the entire potato must be discarded before use, to ensure that the solanine glycoside content of the potato product does not exceed 0.02%; otherwise it will endanger personal safety. (2) Washing: Pour the potatoes into a water tank and stir
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What should be noted for fishery production during heavy snow
The rain and snow weather process since January 10 has affected 77.862 million people in 14 provinces (regions, municipalities) including Anhui, Jiangxi, Henan, and Hunan, with 28 deaths caused by the disaster. Ningbo City also began experiencing heavy snowfall starting at 4:00 this morning, with snow accumulation reaching 2.5 cm. Facing the heaviest snow in 50 years nationwide, fishery production in Yinzhou District should pay attention to the following points: 1. Deepen pond water levels as much as possible to prevent fish from being frostbitten due to excessively low water levels. Because when the pond water level drops too much
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Product Introduction to the Herbicide Saturn for Sesame Fields
[Trade name] Saturn [Common name] thiobencarb [Formulation] 50% Saturn emulsifiable concentrate, 90% high-strength Saturn emulsifiable concentrate [Application rate] 2.25-3.0 L of 50% Saturn per hectare, or 1.2-1.5 L of 90% high-strength Saturn. [Timing of use] Apply after sowing sesame but before seedling emergence. [Target weeds] Barnyardgrass, crabgrass, foxtail, bluegrass, goosegrass, rice flatsedge, purslane, etc. [Application technique] Spray volume
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Detailed Explanation of the Processing Technology and Production Method of Chestnut Fruit Tea
(I) Overview The chestnut is a famous and high-quality dried fruit in China, rich in nutrients. The chestnut kernel has a high content of amylopectin, with a fine, powdery texture. Eaten raw or cooked, it is sweet, glutinous, fragrant and crisp, with an excellent flavor, and is deeply loved by people. The chestnut also has considerable medicinal and health-promoting effects. According to the ancient text "Dian Nan Ben Cao" (Materia Medica of Yunnan), the chestnut is sweet and warm in nature and flavor, and has the effects of benefiting qi, strengthening the stomach and intestines, tonifying the kidney, strengthening the tendons, and invigorating blood circulation. (II) Raw Materials and Formula Chestnut: 15%; carrot: 3%; granulated sugar: 4%; milk powder: 2.5%; ethyl maltol:
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Analysis of Limiting Factors in Cotton Production and Countermeasures (Part 2)
7. Main symptoms of premature senescence: First, after the peak boll-setting period of cotton, the leaves show interveinal chlorosis and yellowing; the yellowing leaves begin at the point farthest from the main stem and develop from top to bottom and from outside to inside, and the leaves gradually dry up and fall off. Second, in the late growth stage of cotton, the leaves turn red and lose their function of producing nutrients. The earlier the premature senescence of cotton appears, the more severe the yield reduction. Causes: First, the soil is poor and the soil fertility is insufficient. The soil nutrients cannot meet the requirements of cotton growth and development; second, fertilization is insufficient. In particular, potassium fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer are insufficient, and some cotton farmers fear that when the amount of nitrogen applied is large, it will cause
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Analysis of Cotton Production Misconceptions and Ways to Increase Yield Through Plant Protection (Part 5)
For more than a decade, with the widespread promotion of genetically modified insect-resistant cotton, cotton bollworm is no longer enough to make cotton farmers turn pale at the mention of pests. However, Fusarium wilt and Verticillium wilt have always been the "tightening band" giving cotton farmers headaches, aphids and red spider mites "stir up trouble" every year, cotton stink bugs and tobacco whiteflies have become increasingly rampant in recent years, and together with cotton bollworm suddenly breaking out in certain years, pesticide control of cotton is still an unavoidable matter. At the same time, there are also the following two serious problems in pest and disease control, which directly lead to
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Cotton production outlook not optimistic, experts recommend focusing on four management measures
Reporters learned from the province-wide cotton production and high-yield creation work conference held on August 26 that this year's cotton production situation in our province is extremely unoptimistic. In response to the current realities of cotton production, attending experts recommended that cotton farmers focus on four measures. This year's cotton production in our province is characterized by reduced area, lower per-unit yield, and decreased total output. According to incomplete statistics, the province's actual harvested cotton area is around 11 million mu, a decrease of more than one million mu compared to last year. Cotton per-unit yield is expected to be 70-75 kg, with total output of 75-80 million tons, a decrease of 10
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The impact of fertilizer damage on cotton production cannot be ignored
In recent years, while promoting new cotton varieties and providing technical services in cotton-growing areas, we have frequently encountered problems caused by farmers' mistakes in fertilizer application. First, when preparing soil for cotton nutritional-pot seedling raising, some applied too much farmyard manure or chemical fertilizer to the pot soil, so that after sowing, some cotton seeds rotted or the seedlings died; in some cases, although emergence was fairly uniform, root burn and seedling death followed. Second, after the cotton seedlings emerged in the seedbed, excessive application of water-soluble flush fertilizer scalded and scorched both cotyledons of the cotton seedlings. Third, when applying base fertilizer before transplanting cotton pot seedlings, some broadcast chemical fertilizer into the plow furrow, or applied chemical fertilizer into the pot holes, without separating the pot seedlings' root system from the applied fertilizer with fine soil; after transplanting, the cotton seedling roots came into direct contact with the chemical fertilizer, and the young roots and young stems turned brown or black after fertilizer damage. In mild cases, the cotton seedlings became stunted and did not grow; in severe cases, the young seedlings withered and died. Fourth, during the bud stage, excessive single application of nitrogen fertilizers such as urea or ammonium bicarbonate, or excessive input of high-efficiency multi-element compound fertilizer, with no regard for cost and a blind pursuit of building a high-yielding cotton framework early, resulted in excessive vegetative growth, premature row closure, severe shading in the cotton field, and serious outbreaks of pests such as mirids, causing massive shedding of buds and bolls. This phenomenon was especially common in rainy years. Fifth, during the flowering and boll stage, some rushed to broadcast urea before heavy rain arrived. Urea dissolved very quickly upon contact with rain, and the fertilizer concentration in the cotton field suddenly increased. After the rain, the weather suddenly cleared, cotton leaf transpiration was high, and water in the cotton plant rapidly underwent reverse osmosis and severe water loss, so that the lower stems and leaves of the cotton plant appeared scorched; in severe cases, the entire cotton plant withered and died and could no longer be saved.
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