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Detailed Explanation of Key Points for Integrated Pest Management of Edible Fungi
I. Eliminating pests starts from the source. Before the growing season each year, thoroughly clean the mushroom yard and eliminate pest breeding grounds. The cleaning scope includes mushroom houses and courtyards. All spent mushroom bags, straw pile garbage, compost and all organic waste from the previous year should be centrally burned or transported away, and weeds and peat soil should be removed. In the evening, spray with 15 ml of 80% dichlorvos and 5 ml of 1.8% abamectin mixed with 40 kg of water. After an interval of 1 week, apply once more, and after another week, whitewash the mushroom house with bleaching powder and lime slurry, and spread dry lime powder throughout the courtyard
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Integrated Control Methods for Soybean "Fire Dragon Seedling"
In Wudalianchi City, Heilongjiang Province, the soybean area is 950,000 mu, with a continuous cropping area of 930,000 mu, accounting for 97.8% of the soybean sown area. Through investigation, the area affected by soybean "Fire Dragon Seedling" is around 96.5%, with most yield reductions between 20 and 50%, and some plots reaching total crop failure. It can be said that due to the influence of the market economy, the continuous cropping area of soybean cannot be controlled, but through integrated control, the occurrence of soybean "Fire Dragon Seedling" can be reduced, enabling soybean to achieve high and stable yields. The integrated control techniques for soybean "Fire Dragon Seedling" are as follows:
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How to prevent and treat swine influenza? A comprehensive guide to integrated prevention and control techniques
Swine influenza is an acute, highly contagious infectious disease caused by the synergistic action of swine influenza A virus and Haemophilus suis. It occurs in pigs of different ages, sexes and breeds. Once the disease breaks out, it rapidly spreads throughout the whole herd. Symptoms include high fever, coughing and difficulty breathing. Most affected pigs show a benign course, but death can occur when complications are present. I. Causes: Abrupt climate changes with sudden cold and heat mean the protective qi cannot defend the exterior; pathogenic wind-cold and wind-heat invade the skin and muscles, then pass to the lungs, causing this disease. Affected pigs suddenly
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Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Treatment Methods for Calcium and Phosphorus Metabolism Disorders in Pigs
Calcium and phosphorus metabolism disorders occur in young pigs, and the resulting bone dystrophy is called rickets. The pathological features are insufficient calcification by osteoblasts, persistent cartilage hypertrophy, and incomplete temporary calcification with enlargement of the epiphyses. The clinical features are digestive disturbance, pica, lameness, and skeletal deformity. It is a non-inflammatory disease of poor bone tissue development, and vitamin D deficiency also plays an important role in the pathogenesis of rickets. Calcium and phosphorus metabolism disorders occur in adult pigs, and the resulting bone dystrophy is called osteomalacia, or fibrous osteodystrophy. The pathological feature is progressive
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Occurrence Patterns and Integrated Control Methods of Pests and Diseases in Goji Berry
Goji berry is a deciduous shrub of the genus Lycium in the Solanaceae family. Its fruit is called goji berry (Lycii Fructus), and its root bark is called Digupi (Lycii Cortex); both can be used as medicine. The tender stems and leaves are eaten as vegetables. It is distributed throughout China, mostly in the wild. The related species Lycium barbarum (Ningxia goji) is mostly cultivated; its fruit is called Xi goji or Gan goji and is used medicinally, mainly produced in Ningxia, Gansu and Inner Mongolia. Goji berry suffers from pests and diseases at every stage of growth, causing great economic losses to production. The occurrence and control methods of goji berry pests and diseases are introduced as follows: 1 Diseases 1.1 Black fruit disease (anthracnose) Main
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How to treat garlic leaf blight? Master integrated control techniques in one article
Shandong is a major garlic-producing region, and garlic suffers fewer diseases than other vegetables. However, in recent years, a relatively rare new disease, garlic leaf blight, has appeared in garlic-growing areas, and it strikes fiercely and causes severe damage. Once this disease occurs, it can cause major yield reductions. I. Symptom identification This disease mainly affects leaves and leaf sheaths. Leaf infection falls into two types: first, the tip-blight type, which mainly occurs in the initial infection stage, with the leaf tip turning dark brown and forming many dark purplish-brown oblique parallel stripes on it; in severe cases the lesions extend to 1/3 to 4
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How to prevent and control garlic heart rot? Occurrence patterns and integrated control techniques
In recent years, the garlic industry in Pizhou City has developed rapidly, with the planting area growing from 3,333 hectares in the 1970s to 33,000 hectares in 2004, making it the largest garlic production area in the country and a national standardized high-quality garlic production demonstration county (city). However, with the expansion of garlic cultivation area and the extension of continuous cropping years, various pests and diseases have become increasingly severe, especially the damage from garlic heart rot, which has worsened year by year and seriously affects garlic yield and quality. 1 Occurrence patterns and damage symptoms ① Occurrence patterns In late February 2002
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Key Integrated Cultivation Techniques for the Prevention and Control of Premature Senescence in Cotton
Cotton premature senescence refers to the phenomenon in which cotton leaves wither, turn yellow and drop prematurely under suitable climatic conditions. In the field, it appears as interveinal chlorosis and yellowing of the leaves after the full flowering stage. The yellowing leaves begin at the point farthest from the main stem and develop from top to bottom and from the outside inward, with the leaves gradually drying up and dropping. Premature senescence has a considerable impact on cotton yield and quality; the earlier it occurs, the greater the impact, and it can generally reduce yield by 10%-40%. Cotton premature senescence occurs because the fertilizer and water requirements for normal growth during the vigorous growth period cannot be met, leading to premature aging and early leaf drop.
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Causes of Lily Disease Epidemics and Integrated Control Techniques
I. Symptoms: They appear on leaves, stems and bulbs. When leaves are infected, leaf blight results. At first the leaf tip turns brown, with a length of 1-2 mm, then gradually worsens, and the lesion expands into a nearly triangular shape, becomes thinner, and takes on a dried-up appearance with cloud-like patterns on it. Lesions are generally 17-28 mm long and 5-8 mm wide; the largest lesion is 56 mm long and 12 mm wide. Eventually the leaf dies. Some also occur at the leaf margin as semi-elliptical brown lesions, which can also cause leaf death. Ground
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Garlic Disease Identification and Integrated Control Techniques
In recent years, with the expansion of garlic planting areas, continuous changes in cropping systems and cultivation ecological environments, the disease resistance of garlic plants has also decreased year by year, and the losses caused by garlic diseases have become increasingly severe. In particular, the continuous emergence of new diseases, with some diseases even showing a sharp upward trend, has further intensified the harm to garlic. According to investigation and analysis, the damage caused by garlic diseases generally results in a loss rate of 20%-30%, and in severe years and plots, it can reach over 50%, or even higher. For example, in a 1993 survey, garlic rust disease in Zhongmu County reached a diseased plant rate of up to 80% in severely affected garlic fields, with the affected area exceeding 65% of the planted area. The affected garlic was severely downgraded, affecting export earnings and greatly dampening the enthusiasm of garlic farmers. At present, more than 20 known garlic crop diseases exist, caused by fungi, bacteria, viruses and nematodes respectively. In addition, physiological diseases are also attracting increasing attention. The occurrence and damage of diseases has become a major obstacle in garlic production. The main garlic diseases and their integrated control techniques are introduced as follows.
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