Integrated Control Methods for Soybean "Fire Dragon Seedling"

In Wudalianchi City, Heilongjiang Province, the soybean area is 950,000 mu, with a continuous cropping area of 930,000 mu, accounting for 97.8% of the soybean sown area. Through investigation, the area affected by soybean "Fire Dragon Seedling" is around 96.5%, with most yield reductions between 20 and 50%, and some plots reaching total crop failure. It can be said that due to the influence of the market economy, the continuous cropping area of soybean cannot be controlled, but through integrated control, the occurrence of soybean "Fire Dragon Seedling" can be reduced, enabling soybean to achieve high and stable yields. The integrated control techniques for soybean "Fire Dragon Seedling" are introduced as follows:

I. Reasonable crop rotation and ploughing

Although crop rotation is difficult to achieve in production practice, from the perspective of ecological balance, reasonable crop rotation can fully and rationally utilize the land, reduce the occurrence of soybean "Fire Dragon Seedling" and other pests and diseases, and also help eliminate associated weeds. Reasonable crop rotation not only enables soybean to achieve high yields but also improves soybean quality. This allows soybean to obtain high quality and a good price, achieving higher economic benefits. If crop rotation cannot be achieved, the method of autumn ploughing or stubble breaking can be adopted, which can destroy the root system of soybean grown in the previous year, thereby reducing the occurrence of soybean "Fire Dragon Seedling".

II. Selection of disease-resistant varieties

Through production practice, different soybean varieties have different resistance to "Fire Dragon Seedling". In Wudalianchi City, soybean varieties resistant to "Fire Dragon Seedling" include Heihe 1152 and Heihe No. 38 (127). These high-quality soybean varieties can reduce the occurrence of soybean "Fire Dragon Seedling", thereby improving soybean yield and quality.

III. Soybean seed treatment

The most common method of soybean seed treatment is the application of soybean seed coating agents for soybean seed coating. Soybean seed coating agents have the following benefits: 1. They can control pests, because soybean seed coating agents contain insecticides. 2. They can control underground diseases of soybean (including soybean "Fire Dragon Seedling"), because soybean seed coating agents contain various fungicides such as thiram and carbendazim. 3. They can provide trace elements for soybean growth, because excellent soybean seed coating agents contain trace elements such as boron, molybdenum, and zinc needed for soybean growth. The application method of soybean seed coating agents is generally at a ratio of 1:75. The high-quality soybean seed coating agents we commonly use include Duofuke seed coating agent produced by Jiamusi Pesticide Factory No. 3; Chongchake No. 2 produced by Qiqihar Synthetic Additive Factory; and seed coating agents produced by Bayi Agricultural Reclamation University. These high-quality soybean seed coating agents have good effects on controlling soybean "Fire Dragon Seedling".

IV. Application of soybean continuous cropping agents

Soybean continuous cropping agents are a new technology emerging in recent years for controlling soybean "Fire Dragon Seedling"; they overcome the shortcoming of the short duration of effect of soybean seed coating agents. They are also relatively flexible in usage method, because soybean continuous cropping agents are granular formulations that are mixed with fertilizer when applied. After being applied to the soil, they can effectively control all the harm caused by soybean continuous and alternate cropping. The soybean continuous cropping agents we commonly use include the following: soybean CBT continuous cropping agent, Nongdafeng continuous cropping agent, Huolongdi, etc.

V. Widespread application of soybean foliar fertilizers

We know that continuous and alternate cropping of soybean causes a series of effects on soybean growth, such as single-nutrient depletion, aggravated pests and diseases, and increased harmful substances in the soil. It is difficult for soybean to grow normally, whether at the seedling stage or the flowering stage, and soybean growth cannot obtain sufficient nutrients. Applying soybean foliar fertilizer at the seedling stage, flowering stage, and pod-setting stage can supplement the insufficient nutrients during soybean growth. More importantly, supplementing nutrients through foliar fertilizer can promote soybean growth, greatly improve soybean disease resistance, and thereby reduce the occurrence of soybean "Fire Dragon Seedling". There is another point that farmers should recognize: due to continuous cropping of soybean, root diseases of soybean worsen, and the soybean root system finds it difficult to absorb sufficient nutrients from the soil. Only by supplementing foliar fertilizer through the leaves can soybean obtain sufficient nutrients. Because soybean foliar fertilizer is absorbed through the stomata of soybean leaves, its absorption characteristic is that it absorbs less but takes effect quickly. This requires us to spray less foliar fertilizer at one time but increase the number of foliar fertilizer sprayings. During the entire growth period of soybean, it is best to spray more than three times, respectively at the soybean seedling stage, flowering stage, and pod-setting stage. What is worth reminding the broad masses of farmer friends is that the current market for soybean foliar fertilizers is very chaotic, and we must choose high-quality soybean foliar fertilizers. Through our production practice, the relatively good soybean foliar fertilizers include: Jinpai 655, soybean CBT foliar fertilizer, Nongdafeng foliar fertilizer Taiyang Shen, etc. The application of these foliar fertilizers has played a great role in increasing soybean yield and income.

In short, if we want soybean "Fire Dragon Seedling" to occur less or not at all, we should comprehensively apply the above techniques to effectively control the occurrence of soybean "Fire Dragon Seedling". A single technique cannot be used alone; if only one of the above techniques is used, the desired effect cannot be achieved. Only by comprehensively applying soybean "Fire Dragon Seedling" techniques can the occurrence of soybean "Fire Dragon Seedling" be effectively controlled, thereby achieving high and stable soybean yields and obtaining relatively large economic benefits.