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Occurrence Patterns and Control Methods of Major Tea Plant Pests During the Summer Tea Season
Due to the low-temperature rain and snow weather last winter and this spring, the overwintering generation of tea pests this year had a low population base and a delayed occurrence period, and damage during the spring tea season was relatively light. However, summer weather is more suitable for the occurrence and damage of pests and diseases, so monitoring and control work must be carried out effectively. The occurrence level of the camellia spiny whitefly was lighter than last year, but pest numbers in some tea gardens still exceeded the control threshold. According to a survey by the Songyang County Plant Protection Station: the peak period of overwintering adult camellia spiny whiteflies was April 15, with an average of 17.4 insects per 100 leaves, later and fewer than last year (April 5).
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How to prevent and treat the death of oyster mushroom mycelium during the growth period?
Vigorous oyster mushroom mycelium is white like cotton fluff, thick and dense, advancing forward in a fan shape. In some cases, about 10 days after inoculation, the mycelium is suddenly found to turn yellow and gradually die off and disappear. Regarding this phenomenon, some mushroom growers believe that the higher the water content in the compost, the higher the yield, so they increase the water content when mixing the substrate. Some growers also do not understand the meaning of water content, mistakenly taking a compost water content of 65% to mean adding 148 kg of water per 100 kg of substrate. The correct method for calculating water content should also include the water contained in the compost itself; generally, the compost itself has a water content of
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What are the key management points for garlic under plastic mulch during the green-up stage?
1. Clean the plastic mulch surface to increase its light transmittance. The key to garlic green-up is temperature, and management during this period focuses mainly on raising soil temperature. For garlic covered with plastic mulch, coverings on the film such as leaves, completely dead garlic leaves and dust should be removed as early as possible to clean the film surface, so as to increase light transmittance and raise soil temperature. Damaged plastic mulch should be repaired promptly to increase heat preservation and warming effects and promote early green-up of garlic. 2. Open and clear ditches. Garlic roots are not tolerant of wet conditions; waterlogging in the field during spring rain can easily cause root rot, and drought can also affect normal garlic growth.
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Key Points for Rice Cultivation Management During Spring Cold Waves
I. Characteristics of Cold Wave Disasters Due to the invasion of cold air, when the temperature drops sharply by more than 10°C within 24 hours, and the minimum temperature within that day is below 5°C, it is called a cold wave. In the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, when strong cold air moves southward and causes the temperature to drop by more than 10°C within 48 hours, it is also called a cold wave. Cold waves generally occur in spring and autumn, with spring being the most common, and spring cold waves mostly occur from March to May. Cold waves mainly cause seed rot, seedling rot and dead seedlings during the rice seedling stage. II. Rice Cultivation Manage
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Feeding and Management Key Points for Large Yorkshire Sows During Their High-Production Period
1. The age structure of the sow herd must be reasonable. According to a survey of 150 litters from parities 1-10 at a certain pig breeding farm in Jining, sow production performance varies with age (parity). The Large Yorkshire sow is a fine breed with relatively stable genetic traits, a long high-production period, strong reproductive capacity, and sustained high and stable production over many years. According to a survey of 150 litters from parities 1-10 at a certain pig breeding farm in Jining, adult sows (parities 4-7) averaged 12.4 live piglets born per litter, which is 1.6 more per litter than young sows (parities 1-3)
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How to prevent and control miscellaneous bacteria contamination during the mycelial growth stage of oyster mushrooms
Recently many mushroom growers have called to consult: during the mycelial growth process of oyster mushroom bags, severe contamination by miscellaneous bacteria has occurred, especially with green mold and Chondrostereum sp. accounting for the majority. How should this be prevented and controlled? In response to this problem, based on investigation and research in recent years, the following causes and control methods have been summarized: 1. Moisture-damaged and contaminated substrate. Fresh, dry substrate that has been well managed in storage contains relatively fewer pathogens and is suitable for raw-material cultivation, but substrate that has been stored for a long time and has become damp and clumped will contain more pathogens. If it is used directly for raw-material cultivation without disinfection treatment, it is very likely to cause miscellaneous bacteria contamination.
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Key Technical Points for Temperature Management During the Spawn-Running Stage of Oyster Mushrooms
When oyster mushroom mycelium grows thick and vigorous, the spawn-running success rate is high; especially in the sterilized-substrate cultivation process, the mycelium has a lower chance of being infected by contaminant microorganisms than other varieties. However, in the raw-material cultivation process, its temperature requirements during the mycelial growth stage are very strict. Therefore, correctly mastering the suitable spawn-running temperature is the key to ensuring the success of raw-material cultivation of oyster mushrooms. Oyster mushroom mycelium grows vigorously at 20°C-30°C and has strong resistance to contaminant microorganisms; even if occasional contamination occurs, the oyster mushroom mycelium can penetrate and consume it, and the spawn runs quickly, with the mycelium
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Etiological Analysis of Moldy Forage Poisoning in Rabbits During the Rainy Season
Entering the rainy and humid season, especially in the month, readers from various places call frequently for consultation, rabbit diseases occur frequently, and losses are continuous. The symptoms are mainly listlessness, trembling, paralysis, limpness, drooling, diarrhea, and so on. The disease looks similar to heatstroke, and before death it also resembles coccidiosis. However, comprehensive analysis shows that it is actually caused by mold poisoning. Because the onset is acute, death is fast, losses are heavy, and the scope of danger is wide, this article is written as a warning. 1. Etiological analysis: In the month, with abundant rain, high temperature, and muggy humidity, if forage is stored improperly, it is very easy to heat up, ferment, and become moldy, producing fungal toxins, especially aflatoxin.
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Bovine eyeworm disease must be treated promptly during the high-temperature period in summer and autumn
Symptoms: In the early stage, there is conjunctival redness, congestion, swelling, inflammation, and tearing, with serous or purulent discharge. In the later stage, it gradually worsens and increases, the eyelids swell, and the cornea becomes cloudy or develops ulcers or perforation. Sick cattle have reduced appetite, elevated body temperature, restlessness, shake their heads and rub their eyes, and are photophobic. In severe cases, it can cause blindness in one or both eyes, and cows produce less milk. Prevention: Maintain good environmental sanitation in the cattle shed, ensure the pen is dry, remove filth and dispose of it properly, and do a good job of fly control. Feeding management should also be strengthened, nutrition increased, and the cattle's eyes protected from injury
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How do you deal with a lack of water in the substrate during the later stage of oyster mushroom cultivation?
The first flush of oyster mushrooms accounts for about 40% of the total yield. Generally, after the second flush is harvested, because the water in the substrate is almost used up, even if mushrooms can still come out they are sparse, with thin and weak fruiting bodies, loose and dry flesh, and poor taste. To increase the yield, the following methods can be used to supplement water and nutrient solution: (1) The upright bag hole-irrigation method: the soaking method requires a water-holding container, but in some cases a small container or other reasons make it inconvenient, so this method can be used. Stand the fungus bags upright on the floor of the mushroom house, pull up the edges of the plastic bag so that water can be retained after watering, then
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