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What are the key points of pollution-free cultivation techniques for edible fungi?
Production environment: Pollution-free spawn factories, incubation rooms, mushroom houses or mushroom sheds should all be built in places with high terrain, convenient drainage and irrigation, no factory pollution or garbage dumps nearby, and far away from livestock and poultry sheds, feed warehouses and toilets. Raw materials: The various raw materials for pollution-free cultivation of edible fungi, such as cottonseed hulls, straw, sawdust, bran, etc., should be dry, free from mildew and insect damage, and must not be contaminated or mixed with other pollutants. The chemicals used, such as gypsum, calcium carbonate, urea, etc., should be pure, and counterfeit or inferior products must not be used. Substrate treatment 1. The substrate must undergo high-temperature fermentation.
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What are the pollution-free control methods for the jujube looper moth?
The control principle is to make use of its characteristics of overwintering under the tree and the wingless female moth, strengthen control efforts under the tree, and eliminate or stop the female moths from climbing the tree to lay eggs. Large-scale control can reduce the insect population by 80%-90%. On this basis, to eliminate the larvae that slip through the net on the tree, pollution-free pesticides can be used for control. 1. Artificial pupa digging. Before the adults emerge in spring, turn the soil within 1 m around the tree and 15 cm deep to dig out pupae, collect the pupa clumps and dispose of them in a centralized manner. You can also deep-plow the tree in autumn to destroy its overwintering sites so that it cannot
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Key Technical Points for Pollution-Free Control of Edible Mushroom Pests
Technical Introduction: Edible mushrooms, from spawn production and mycelial running to fruiting, are highly susceptible at every stage to invasion and damage by dozens of pests and pathogens, including various contaminating microorganisms, diseases, insect pests, nematodes and pest mites. Moreover, as the number of years of edible mushroom cultivation increases, the occurrence and damage of these harmful organisms have become a major factor limiting and restricting the continued development of edible mushroom production. This technology comprehensively integrates agricultural, physical and chemical control methods, and can effectively control the occurrence and damage of edible mushroom pests. Core technical contents (1) Edible
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Six Key Technologies for Pollution-Free Production of Edible Fungi
I. Improve the Ecological Environment The cultivation site should be chosen close to a water source, with good air flow, open space on all sides, and at least 1500 m away from livestock and poultry farms, breweries, residential areas and hospitals. Measures such as turning the soil, sun-bleaching and flooding should be adopted instead of chemical pesticides for disinfection. The water source and water quality must be clean and free of pollution. It is strictly forbidden to spray or soak mushrooms with sewage. Mushroom roots, dead mushrooms, insect-damaged mushrooms and discarded culture medium must not be stored inside or outside cultivation and processing facilities. II. Reasonably Select Raw Materials In strict accordance with the new requirements of WTO/SPS plant quarantine, the cottonseed hulls, wheat straw, corn
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A detailed explanation of the guidelines for the use of pollution-free fishery drugs: scientific medication is safer
Although fishery drugs can treat diseases of the farmed fish, shrimp and crabs, because aquatic products will ultimately be placed on people's dining tables, attention must be paid to the safety of the drugs used to prevent and treat their diseases. To prevent harmful substances contained in aquatic products from harming human health, the Food Hygiene Law stipulates that aquatic products such as fish, shrimp and crabs must not contain antibiotics or synthetic antibacterial agents or other substances harmful to human health. To prevent drug residues, it is necessary to understand the correct methods of drug use and the withdrawal period. The relevant national authorities have issued the "Pollution-Free Food
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Rapid Freezing and Cold Storage Preservation Techniques for Edible Mushrooms
Shiitake mushroom production has flourished across both northern and southern regions of our country in recent years. Since the popularization of bag-cultivated shiitake in Fujian, the provinces of Zhejiang, Henan, Hubei and others have successively developed bag-cultivated shiitake with successful results. Quick-freezing storage of shiitake has become an indispensable and important preservation technique in the production and sales chain. Quick-freezing storage of shiitake is simpler and more convenient than that of button mushrooms. Generally, fresh mushrooms are pre-cooled in ice water, removed and drained, then rapidly placed in an ultra-low temperature freezer at -50 to -60°C for quick freezing, and then placed in a cold storage at -18 to -24°C for storage, entering consumers' homes through the "cold chain" system.
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Key Technical Points for Quick-Freezing and Cold Storage Preservation of Edible Fungi
Quick-frozen storage of shiitake mushrooms: In recent years, shiitake mushroom production has flourished across both northern and southern parts of China. Since the popularization of bag-cultivated shiitake mushrooms in Fujian, provinces such as Zhejiang, Henan, and Hubei have successively developed bag-cultivated shiitake mushrooms with success. Quick-frozen storage of shiitake mushrooms has become an indispensable and important preservation technique in the production and sales chain. Quick-frozen storage of shiitake mushrooms is simpler and more convenient than that of button mushrooms. Generally, fresh mushrooms are pre-cooled in ice water, removed and drained, then quickly placed in an ultra-low-temperature ice storage at -50 to -60°C for quick-freezing, and then placed in a cold storage at -18 to -24°C for preservation, through
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Detailed Explanation of the Mimic-Wild Pollution-Free Cultivation Technique for Edible Fungi
Using rice straw or wheat straw for mimic-wild pollution-free cultivation of edible fungi requires no special equipment, no cutting or crushing, and no added supplements. Simply soak the straw in water in measured amounts, and oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus), Phoenix mushrooms (Pleurotus sajor-caju) and other edible fungi can be cultivated on a large scale outdoors in a mimic-wild manner, giving artificially grown products the color and flavor of wild mushrooms. With this technique, 4000-5000 kg of straw can be used per mu, while the cost is only about 1000 yuan. Crops such as corn, sunflowers, melons and beans can also be appropriately interplanted in the mushroom-growing beds, giving considerable benefits and great potential for increasing yield. Raw material treatment
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Quick-freezing method for peaches and detailed operating steps
Fruit selection: Peaches intended for quick-freezing processing should have fine flesh, few coarse fibers, good flavor, uniform size, neat fruit shape, no pests or diseases, no mechanical injury, easy pit removal (preferably freestone varieties), and resistance to browning. Harvest at slightly lower maturity; after arriving at the plant, a processing volume for 4 to 8 days can be stored. If stored in a cold storage, the processing period can be longer, but chilling injury to the peaches must be prevented. Generally, for white-fleshed peaches, Okubo is preferred, and for yellow-fleshed peaches, Albat is preferred. Cut in half and remove pit: Cut along the suture line into two halves and remove the pit, place the fruit cups
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Five practical methods to protect wheat seedlings from freezing and cold
When the severe winter comes, doing a good job of protecting overwintering crops such as wheat from the winter cold and taking preventive measures is an important guarantee for obtaining a bumper harvest. According to different field plots, the following five methods can be used to prevent freezing and protect seedlings. First, spreading grass to protect seedlings. Some varieties with strong spring habit are sown relatively late, emerge sparsely, and have fewer tillers. For such field plots, cover them with crop straw such as wheat straw and rice straw to keep them warm, promote tiller growth, prevent freezing and strengthen seedlings, so that the wheat seedlings can safely overwinter. Second, applying fertilizer and water to the roots. For field plots where wheat seedlings have shallow roots and few tillers
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