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Key Integrated Management Techniques for Soybeans During the Flowering and Podding Stage
When soybeans enter the flowering and podding stage, vegetative growth and reproductive growth proceed together, requiring sufficient water, nutrients and light. In terms of cultivation measures, vegetative growth and reproductive growth should be coordinated to achieve many pods and many seeds. The main measures should include the following "three preventions" and strengthened management during the seed-filling and maturation stage. The "three preventions" measures during the flowering and podding stage (1) Preventing excessive vegetative growth: when soybeans have shown 2 tillers and are flowering, use 30 grams of 15% paclobutrazol wettable powder per mu, mix with 40 kg of water, and spray to top the plants, which can shorten internodes, control top vine growth, increase flowers and preserve pods, so that pods cover the top; (2) Preventing drought and waterlogging: during the soybean flowering period, attention should be paid to summer drought, seepage and moisture retention, and in case of severe waterlogging, drain promptly to reduce waterlogging damage; (3) Controlling pests: from the end of July to mid-August is the peak outbreak period for soybean semi-looper, bean hawk moth, leaf roller, alfalfa noctuid and other pests. Pesticides with contact and stomach poison effects such as fenvalerate or cypermethrin plus dimethoate emulsion or dichlorvos can be used for control, eliminating pests at the 1st-2nd instar stage.
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What causes yellow leaves in soybeans before flowering
In recent years, yellow leaf disease has occurred rather widely on soybeans and other legume crops. If not controlled in time, it can cause serious harm to crop growth. For example, when it occurs early, the leaves turn yellow, the plants are short and stunted, and no pods form. When it occurs at the mid stage, even if pods form, they contain no seeds, and even if there are seeds, they are shriveled, causing severe yield loss or total crop failure. The causes are as follows: First, long-term application of chemical fertilizers and reduced use of farmyard manure have caused soil compaction. Second, in recent years, the use of combine harvesters for harvesting wheat and the widespread practice of burning wheat stubble have destroyed the surface structure of the soil. Third, nutrient deficiency
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Detailed Explanation of Key Points of Soybean Good Seed Propagation Technology
Soybean is a self-pollinating crop. Due to mechanical mixing, adverse climatic conditions and cultivation conditions, as well as natural hybridization and other reasons, seed quality often deteriorates. Therefore, self-pollinated seeds cannot be used for a long time, and seeds should be replaced every three years. Thus, it is necessary to persist in purification and rejuvenation and to do a good job in good breeding work in order to maintain the seed quality of superior varieties. 1. Methods for purification and rejuvenation of soybean varieties (1) Line selection The commonly used method for soybean purification and rejuvenation consists of three steps: individual plant selection, line identification, and mixed high-multiplication propagation. Separate individual plant selection
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Detailed introduction to the elite soybean variety Guixia No. 3
Approval number: Gui Shen Dou 2007001. Variety name: Guixia No. 3. Breeding unit: Maize Research Institute of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. Variety source: Gui M32 was developed by using the Guangxi local variety "Jingxi Qingpidou" as the female parent and Wuming Black Soybean as the male parent, through sexual hybridization and crossing, followed by the bulk selection method. Characteristics: growth period 108 days, a medium-maturing variety, determinate podding habit, plant height 59.9 cm, medium-tall, main stem 14.7 nodes, 2.5 branches, 43.7 pods per plant,
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Introduction to the superior soybean variety Guixia No. 2
Variety approval number: Gui Shen Dou 2004003. Breeding unit: Maize Research Institute of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. Variety source: Developed through sexual hybridization using the Guangxi farmer variety "Fusui Huangdou" as the female parent and "Gui 190" (Pingguo Dou × Qingrenniao) as the male parent. Registration unit: Maize Research Institute of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. Characteristics: This variety is an early-maturing summer soybean variety with a growth period of about 96 days. It has a determinate pod-setting habit, purple flowers, brown pubescence, and relatively large, ovate leaves. Plant height is 55-65 cm, with 13-
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Introduction to the Improved Soybean Variety Guizao No. 2 (formerly coded 199)
Variety approval number: Gui Shen Dou 2004001. Breeding unit: Cash Crops Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences. Variety source: selected from the Guangxi farmer variety "Lacheng Huangdou" through line selection. Unit submitting for approval: Cash Crops Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences. Characteristics: This variety belongs to the determinate podding type, is erect with a compact plant type, and has a spring sowing growth period of about 98 days. It generally has a plant height of 59.1 cm, 13.3 nodes on the main stem, and 2.4 branches. It has white flowers and gray hairs, and at maturity the pods are light brown. It has good leaf drop.
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Supporting Technologies of Improved Soybean Varieties and Methods for High-Yield Cultivation
1. Timely sowing: Select varieties with high yield-increase potential adapted to the local area, and sow at the right time. Apply herbicide before sowing soybeans, and apply herbicide again after sowing depending on the weed situation. Sowing time: spring soybeans from late April to early May, sowing depth 5 cm; soil moisture conditions must be given great attention at sowing. The conditions for soybean seed germination mainly include moisture, temperature and oxygen. ① Moisture: seed germination begins with water absorption, so water is an important factor for germination. When seeds germinate, the water absorbed equals 1.21
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Detailed Explanation of the Two-Ridge-One-Furrow Soybean Cultivation Method
The two-ridge-one-furrow cultivation method is based on 70cm ridge planting, with an additional seedling row added in the furrow every other ridge, a large row spacing of 140cm and a small row spacing of 35cm, sparse inside and dense outside within the furrow and platform, and hole sowing cultivation. Reasons for increased yield: (1) Increased green area and improved canopy structure. (2) Improved ventilation and light penetration conditions. (3) Improved drought resistance. (4) Fully utilized heat resources and raised soil temperature. (5) Improved soil nutrient supply conditions. Technical key points: (1) Rotation
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Detailed Explanation of Control Methods for Two Major Soybean Diseases
Soybean frogeye leaf spot, also known as spot disease, begins infecting pods from the young pod stage, with the seed-filling stage being the peak period of infection, and severe outbreaks occur in July to August when high temperatures and frequent rain occur. It mainly damages leaves; when severely affected, almost all leaves become covered with lesions, causing premature leaf drop, reducing soybean quality and cutting yields by 20%-30%. This year, the hot and rainy climate in many parts of our province is highly favorable for the disease to occur, and the author reminds soybean farmers that they must not neglect the control of soybean frogeye leaf spot. Chemical control: During the flowering and podding stage of soybean, use 50% carbendazim
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What to Do About Soybean Flower and Pod Drop? Causes and Control Techniques
There are many causes of flower and pod drop in soybean, mainly: poor ventilation and light penetration. Under poor ventilation and light conditions, soybean is prone to flower and pod drop. When planting soybean, improper variety selection, early canopy closure, excessive density, mutual shading of branches and leaves, coupled with high humidity and poor light, leads to low leaf chlorophyll content, causing soybean plants to gradually turn yellow. With little nutrient accumulation, flowers and pods drop. Nutrient imbalance: the flower and pod drop stage of soybean is the period of highest nutrient demand; if nutrient supply is insufficient, flowers and pods will drop. The fertilizer requirement pattern of soybean
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