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Detailed Explanation of Uniform Planting High-Yield Cultivation Techniques for Soybean
1. Determine planting density, row spacing and plant spacing according to the plant-type traits, branching and other characteristics of the variety. ① For dwarf, early-maturing, main-stem-type varieties that resist [unclear] branching: row spacing 30-40 cm, plant spacing 8-10 cm, seedling retention density 18,000-25,000 plants. 2. Determine planting density based on soil fertility level and management level. After determining the planting row spacing according to the variety, density should also be adjusted according to soil fertility conditions and water and fertilizer management level. 3. Sow early with sufficient soil moisture. Early sowing can significantly increase yield and increase fat content, generally sowing on June 10-20.
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Detailed Explanation of Key Technical Points for Narrow-Row Dense Planting Cultivation of Soybean
Reducing row spacing and increasing row number, that is, narrow-row dense planting, is one of the effective ways to increase soybean yield. This cultivation method is divided into three forms: first, wide-ridge narrow-row dense planting, which is a wide-bed narrow-row dense planting cultivation method that combines the original two ridges into one ridge or one and a half ridges into one ridge. The wide ridge width is 97.5-140 cm, 4-6 rows are sown on the ridge, and the seedling stand per hectare is 400,000-500,000 plants. At present, 70 cm ridge cultivation in production can generally increase yield by about 20%. This cultivation technique is suitable for use by farmers in townships in the central-southern and eastern low-lying, wet, and waterlogged areas with relatively high productivity levels.
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Occurrence Patterns and Control Methods of the Soybean Hawkmoth
Damage symptoms: The soybean hawkmoth feeds on leaves as larvae. Young larvae eat leaves into a net-like, notched pattern, and after the third instar the larvae can eat all the soybean leaves, preventing the plants from setting pods and greatly affecting yield. Occurrence patterns: Mid-to-late July to early August is the peak period for adult egg-laying, late July to late August is the peak period of larval damage, and in early September the light-yellow mature larvae enter the soil to overwinter. Life habits: Adults: Adults hide by day and come out at night, and have a strong tendency toward black light lamps. They begin activity in the evening and are strong fliers with strong migratory ability. They mate at night, and lay eggs 3 days after mating. Eggs are mostly scattered on the undersides of soybean leaves, generally 1 to 2 eggs per leaf, and the eggs hatch into larvae after about 7 days. Larvae: Larvae are photophobic, mostly staying on the undersides of leaves or on stems during the day, and feeding strongly at night; on cloudy days they can feed all day. First and second instar larvae eat little and generally do not move between plants to cause damage; after the fourth instar they have the habit of moving to cause damage; fifth instar larvae show a sharp increase in food intake, accounting for about 90% or more of the total food consumption. The larval stage lasts 30 to 35 days.
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Why soybean root cutting and pinching can increase yield
1. High-yield cultivation method for soybean by root cutting and pinching: Direct sow soybeans with a row spacing of 50 cm. On the 8th to 9th day after sowing, carry out pinching; on the 10th to 11th day, carry out root cutting. When cutting roots, use a thin iron shovel to cut the main root at a depth of about 5 cm below the soybean seedling. Insert the shovel at an angle and pull it out from the same position to avoid displacing the soybean seedling and damaging the lateral roots. The root cutting position should be controlled at about 2.5 cm below the soybean seedling stem. Too deep or too shallow will fail to achieve the expected purpose and may even cause seedling death. 2. Several issues to note 1. Density: Soybean density should be determined according to the variety and cultivation conditions,
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What are the soil requirements for growing soybeans?
Soybeans are not strict about soil conditions for their growth and development. Apart from swampy land and saline-alkali land, the most suitable soil for growing soybeans is deep, rich in organic matter, well drained and irrigated, with strong water-holding capacity and a pH of 6.8-7.5. As for growing soybeans on red and yellow soil in mountainous areas, as long as attention is paid to fertilizer management, increased yields can also be achieved.
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Detailed Explanation of Key Techniques for Staged Sowing of Soybeans
Staged sowing can stagger the harvest period of fresh soybeans from that of corn, which helps extend the supply period, expand market capacity, and avoid the phenomenon of excessive supply caused by large-scale concentrated market entry, where large volume leads to low prices and increased production without increased income. It can also alleviate the labor conflict during the busy farming season to a certain extent. To do a good job in staged sowing, the key is to achieve the following four points. 1. Observe local market conditions. When growing fresh soybeans and corn, high yield is not the goal; high efficiency is what matters. "Rare things are precious," and market prices are always inversely proportional to
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What are the cultivation types of soybean?
Through long-term natural and artificial selection, soybean has developed into various varieties adapted to different ecological types such as local growth periods, climatic characteristics, soil categories, and cultivation conditions. According to differences in sowing time and growth period, soybean can be divided into 4 cultivation types: spring soybean, summer soybean, autumn soybean, and winter soybean.
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For high soybean yields, keep these four taboos in mind when planting
First, avoid continuous cropping and alternating cropping. Continuous cropping can reduce yields by 15%-20%, and alternating cropping can reduce yields by 20%-25%. Second, avoid sowing untreated seed. Sowing untreated seed can cause disease, insect pests and rodent damage, affecting emergence rate and yield. Third, avoid planting across regions. Adjust measures to local conditions and meet the requirements of the accumulated temperature technical indicators needed by the variety; otherwise, it will affect maturity and cause yield reduction. Fourth, avoid applying fertilizer at the roots. The rhizobia at the soybean roots have a nitrogen-fixing effect. Applying nitrogen fertilizer at the roots not only causes unnecessary waste, but also damages the fibrous roots and causes yield reduction. Only in this way can high soybean yields be achieved with confidence.
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Ten key steps for high-yield soybean cultivation
First, the good-seed step. According to local factors such as climate, soil fertility, soil properties, growth period, rainfall, effective accumulated temperature, production level, and cultivation mode, choose high-oil and high-protein improved varieties with strong stress resistance and good yield performance. Second, the land-preparation step. In soil tillage, adhere to a soil tillage system combining subsoiling, plowing, harrowing, and rotary tillage, with subsoiling as the main practice; vigorously promote the subsoiling method, with a subsoiling depth of 40-50 cm. For spring land preparation on corn stubble, ridge up along the thawed soil and press in time to improve land-preparation quality, achieving clean ground with no stubble,
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Key Cultivation and Management Techniques for High-Yield Soybeans
Seed treatment. Generally, seed selection by hand is adopted, removing small, mixed, diseased, and insect-damaged seeds to achieve uniform hilum color. Before sowing, conduct 1-2 germination tests; a germination rate above 95% qualifies the seeds for planting. Before sowing, for each kilogram of seed, use 1-2 grams of ammonium molybdate dissolved in 30 grams of warm water and mix into the seed; after drying in the shade, mix in soybean rhizobium fertilizer at 5% of the seed weight; after drying in weak light, the seeds can be sown, mixing and using as you go. Field selection. Generally choose plots following corn, sorghum, millet, and similar crops, avoiding continuous cropping and adjacent cropping. Land preparation. Harrow the land in mid-March.
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