Four major misunderstandings in soil, fertilizer and water management for fruit trees, do you know them all?
There are still very many types of fruit trees in our country, and all kinds of fruits are grown in every region. Fruit tree cultivation is a very important type of farming in our country. When growing fruit trees, no matter what kind of fruit it is, we all need to do a good job in soil, fertilizer and water management. However, many people often develop some misunderstandings in management and cultivation. What exactly are they? Below, the editor brings you the four major misunderstandings in soil, fertilizer and water management for fruit trees. Let's take a look!
1. Timing of nitrogen fertilizer application
When fertilizing, nitrogen fertilizer is certainly an indispensable type of fertilizer. When applying nitrogen fertilizer, it is generally divided into two different forms, nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen, and the approach differs accordingly. No matter what form of nitrogen it is, after entering the fruit tree it will be converted into nitrate nitrogen, then into amino acids and various other nutrients, and accumulate in the tree body. This process is usually quite long, so we should pay attention to the timing of nitrogen fertilizer application. It should not be applied in spring, as it has little effect on that year's flowers and fruits and on flower bud differentiation. It is best to apply it in autumn before the fruit trees shed their leaves. This is the peak period of fertilizer demand for fruit trees and also the key stage for supplementing fruit nutrition.
2. Fertilization depth
When fertilizing, many fruit growers believe that fertilizer must be applied deeply so as to prevent fertilizer loss. In fact, this idea is wrong. When we fertilize, some water-soluble elements in the fertilizer, such as calcium and potassium, can seep into the soil along with watering. Each watering will deepen the penetration depth. If the traditional fertilization method is used, then the depth should be kept at about 45 cm, and with the traditional fertilization method, watering will continue after fertilization, which will lead to serious fertilizer leakage and reduce the utilization rate. Therefore, whether it is base fertilizer or topdressing, we should pay attention to the shallow root system and keep the fertilization depth at about 15 cm.
3. Cultivation depth
During cultivation, many people also have the misunderstanding that the cultivation depth should be appropriately deeper, so as to enhance the soil's moisture-preserving capacity. Before cultivating, we should first understand the different roles of the deep and shallow root systems of fruit trees. Deep roots generally fix the tree body and ensure the growth of the fruit tree. The shallow root system directly affects flower bud differentiation and fruit quality of the fruit tree. Therefore, in order to ensure normal flower bud differentiation and improve fruit quality, we should protect the shallow root system at about 15 cm. Therefore, when cultivating, it is only necessary to break the surface layer of the soil and destroy the soil capillaries.
4. Watering method
When we water, there are also many misunderstandings. Among them, especially the watering method, many people mainly use flood irrigation. In fact, whether the fruit tree has a large or relatively small water requirement, flood irrigation is not suitable when watering. If flood irrigation is used, then the fruit tree roots distributed in the shallow soil will die due to lack of oxygen, and the soil will also become compacted as a result. Therefore, when watering, we generally mainly use drip irrigation or seepage irrigation, which is not only beneficial to the growth and development of fruit trees, but can also reduce water and labor costs.
The above is a brief introduction to the four common misunderstandings in soil, fertilizer and water management. That is all for today's introduction. This article is for reference only, and I hope it can be helpful to everyone!