Detailed Explanation of Key Winter Management Techniques for Kyoho Grapes
Kyoho grape is now one of the most popular grape varieties in China. Its planting area in China is also very large. When growing Kyoho grapes, we need to adjust our management methods according to seasonal changes. Especially during low temperatures in winter, even more attention must be paid. So how should Kyoho grapes be managed in winter? Below, the editor brings you the winter management techniques for Kyoho grapes. Let's take a look!
1. Land preparation and fertilization
In winter, we apply sufficient base fertilizer to the vineyard. The base fertilizer should mainly be fully decomposed farmyard manure, combined with an appropriate amount of chemical fertilizer. Generally, the application rate of organic fertilizer is kept at about 7500kg/mu, and the chemical fertilizer is mainly potassium chloride, superphosphate and other fertilizers, but note that no quick-acting chlorine fertilizer should be used. Then, when applying the base fertilizer, land preparation should also be done well at the same time. Deeply plow and mature the soil in the vineyard to improve the drainage and irrigation capacity of the vineyard. It is best to apply an appropriate amount of organic matter into the soil to improve soil quality. If the soil is relatively sticky and heavy, then land preparation must be done even better.
2. Winter pruning
In winter, winter pruning of Kyoho grapes is indispensable. The pruning of Kyoho grapes is different from that of the common diploid grape varieties. When pruning young Kyoho grape trees, attention should be paid to the principle of light pruning and long shoot placement; otherwise, in the second year, excessive vegetative growth may occur, leading to flower and fruit drop, etc. This is also a shortcoming of many people when winter pruning Kyoho grapes. For the branches and vines after pruning, they should be promptly tied to the trellis according to the shaping principle. This should not be done in the second spring, otherwise it will have a relatively large impact on yield.
3. Orchard cleaning
Orchard cleaning is also a management task that must be done well for Kyoho grapes in winter. After the Kyoho grapes are harvested, promptly remove fallen leaves, fallen branches, weeds and other things from the vineyard. This is because these things are the main carriers for many pathogens to overwinter, and in the second year they will pose a great threat to the growth of Kyoho grapes. Note that they should be concentrated and taken out of the vineyard for deep burial and burning. Do not use them as fertilizer for convenience. Then use agents such as Baume lime sulfur mixture to spray and disinfect the plants, trellis poles and ground. When the winter buds sprout, they can be sprayed again, which can improve the disease prevention effect.
4. Timely winter irrigation
After entering winter, we also need to do a good job of winter irrigation. If the soil is very dry, or if the base fertilizer dries out relatively quickly after being applied, then timely winter irrigation should be carried out. This is because it can not only speed up the decomposition rate of organic fertilizer and ensure the conversion rate of fertilizer, but also improve the soil water content, promote plant budding, and ensure the flowering and fruiting of Kyoho grapes in the coming year. During winter irrigation, furrow irrigation should be the main method. If the groundwater level is relatively high, then winter irrigation may not be carried out.
The above is a brief introduction to the winter management techniques for Kyoho grapes. That is all for today's introduction. This article is for reference only, and I hope it can help everyone!