Papaya Planting Methods and Key Management Techniques
Papaya counts as a fruit, and it is distributed throughout various regions of our country, and it is also a popular fruit. Papaya's nutritional value is relatively high, with effects such as clearing heat and enhancing breast development, and now its annual market continues to expand. More and more people are growing it, so how should papaya be planted? How should papaya be managed after planting? Below, the editor brings you the planting methods and management of papaya, let's take a look!
1. Seed Selection and Planting
First, we need to select a superior variety, choosing one suitable for growth according to the local environment, and we must ensure it has the ability to cross-pollinate. After selecting the seeds, choose sandy soil with a thick, loose soil layer and normal drainage and irrigation for planting. Control the plant and row spacing well, and dig the planting holes well. Then apply about 10 kg of farmyard manure into each planting hole. The seedlings should mainly be about two-year-old ones, and the cultivation time should preferably be chosen in spring and autumn. Usually autumn is the main season, because if cultivated in autumn, the healing speed is fast and there is a relatively high survival rate. Keep the seedling height at about 120 cm, with intact roots, do the watering work well after planting, and then cover with plastic film.
2. Fertilizer and Water Management
Every September, when deep plowing the soil, apply sufficient base fertilizer in combination, mainly farmyard manure, mixed with an appropriate amount of chemical fertilizer. Apply about 20 kg of fertilizer to young trees and about 40 kg to large trees. Before the trees sprout, apply about 130 g of urea and an appropriate amount of compound fertilizer in holes to each tree. Then during the flowering period, pay attention to spraying an appropriate amount of foliar fertilizer to promote fruit growth and increase the fruit-setting rate. After each harvest, pay attention to applying an appropriate amount of nitrogen fertilizer to prompt the tree body to recover its growth vigor. Then before the flower buds break dormancy, water once heavily. After entering the fruit enlargement period and the new shoot growth period, water appropriately as well, and water enough winter-protection water to help the papaya trees overwinter. When there is too much water, drain it in time.
3. Training and Pruning
The main training method for papaya trees is the natural round-headed shape, with the trunk set at about 75 cm, and about 3 new shoots selected and reserved as main branches, and the growth directions of the main branches must not be the same. Keep the distance between each main branch at about 15 cm. Then do the summer pruning work well; summer pruning mainly consists of bud removal, branch pulling, and pinching, to improve the permeability of the tree canopy and promote the growth of summer shoots. Winter pruning should also be carried out; winter pruning mainly aims to expand the tree canopy. Shorten the main branches reserved in the first year, retaining about 35 cm. Young trees must not be heavily pruned; mainly thin out branches that are too dense, too long, crossing, or overlapping.
4. Flower and Fruit Management
When planting papaya trees, in order to increase papaya yield and ensure stable yield, when establishing a papaya orchard, pay attention to planting an appropriate amount of pollinator trees. Control the ratio of planting varieties to pollinator varieties at about 4:1. Therefore, after this, we must do the flower and fruit management work well, and during the flowering period, appropriately thin flowers and fruits, especially in an on-year. The objects of fruit thinning are mainly undesirable fruits such as branch-tip fruits and deformed fruits. Keep the fruits at the base and middle of the branch. Keep the distance between fruits at 20 cm to improve fruit yield and quality.
The above is a brief introduction to papaya planting methods and management. Papaya planting is actually not difficult; as long as the usual basic management work is done well, a certain yield can be maintained. That is all for today's introduction. This article is for reference only, and I hope it can help everyone!