Detailed Explanation of Key Field Management Techniques for Green Jujube
The management work after planting green jujube is quite complicated, because green jujube is a fruit that grows in tropical regions. Under tropical high temperature and humidity, diseases are prone to occur, especially when humidity is high. Therefore, watering must be well controlled, and nutrients must not be lacking. Maintaining a good tree vigor is the only way to resist pests and diseases. During the critical period of flowering and fruiting, special management is even more necessary.
1. Planting Management
It is best to plant from January to February, before the trees sprout. Fertilizer should be mixed with the subsoil and backfilled, then covered with a layer of topsoil before planting, so that the roots do not come into contact with the fertilizer. Planting should be sparse rather than dense. For fertile land, the row spacing can be 5 m and the plant spacing 3.5 m; for poor land, the row spacing can be 4 m and the plant spacing 3 m.
2. Formative Pruning
For young trees, the main task is to determine the trunk height and retain branches to establish a good tree shape and cultivate good fruiting branch groups. Determine the trunk at 40 cm above the ground to induce side branches, stagger the retained branches, keep 4 healthy branches as the main trunk, and thin out the others. Then gradually increase the side branches retained at each level and thin out the excess. Adult trees need to be renewed; retain strong shoots in summer and shorten old branches in winter. After that, some spring shoots and autumn shoots can both be retained.
3. Branch Training and Trellising
After bearing fruit, branches tend to droop, and after rain they are even more likely to droop severely. Sometimes the branches break on their own. Therefore, before fruiting, a trellis can be set up to give the plant support and maintain the tree shape. Use wooden strips, bamboo, wire, and other fence-style trellises, with a height of two-thirds of the plant's height.
4. Fertilizer and Water Control
Apply base fertilizer in spring. For one young tree, apply 40 jin of fertilizer; for one adult tree that has not borne fruit, apply 60 jin of fertilizer; for a fruiting tree, apply 100 jin of farmyard manure at one time. Then apply fertilizer twice before flowering, with 1 jin of compound fertilizer per tree each time. After fruiting, apply fertilizer, with 2 jin of compound fertilizer, 1 jin of nitrogen fertilizer, and 1 jin of potassium fertilizer per tree. Fertilization is carried out about three times in total.
5. Improving the Fruit-Setting Rate
In order to produce high-quality fruit, during flowering, thin out part of them to concentrate nutrients for fruit setting. One month after fruit setting, the fruit tree can be gently shaken to drop part of the unstable fruit, and then some dense fruit and deformed fruit should be thinned out. Small and diseased fruit should also be removed to reduce consumption and produce large fruit.
The above is about the field management after planting green jujube. All aspects must be taken into consideration, and then managed carefully. The above content is for reference. Thank you for reading, and please continue to support.