How to manage plum trees after harvest? Key technical points explained
Plum is a very popular fruit, and its planting area in China is very large. Although plum trees cannot bear fruit in the first few years, after passing the early planting stage, plum trees can bear and be harvested every year, and their economic value is still very high. However, after harvesting plums, we must strengthen management to ensure the flowering and fruiting of the plum tree the following year. So today the editor brings you the management points after plum harvest. Let's take a look!
1. Proper pruning
After harvesting, we should carry out a pruning of the plum tree. Pruning should mainly be thinning, cutting off dense branches, overly long branches and various other branches to avoid consuming too much nutrients and affecting the flowering and fruiting of the plum tree the following year. In particular, the outer branches of the plum tree and the overly dense branches on the upper part should be thinned regularly. If the canopy is closed and there are too many branches, then some large branches should be cut off. This can not only reduce nutrient consumption, but also improve the tree's ventilation and light penetration, increase the nutrient accumulation of the plum tree, and pave the way for the flowering and fruiting of the plum tree the next year.
2. Deep plowing of the soil
The harvest time of plums is generally around September each year. Therefore, after harvesting, we should carry out a deep plowing of the orchard soil, keeping the deep plowing depth at about 25 cm. Break up soil compaction, improve soil permeability, and achieve the purpose of soil improvement. Promote the metabolism of the plum tree roots, extend and expand them, and enhance root growth capacity. It can effectively improve the tree's drought resistance and disease resistance. It can also destroy the overwintering sites of pathogens, reduce the base number of overwintering pathogens, and ensure the healthy growth of the plum tree the following year.
3. Scientific fertilization
After the plum harvest, most of the nutrients that nourish the tree have left the tree with the fruit. Therefore, fertilization must be carried out after harvest, along with proper watering, to provide sufficient nutrients for the tree and prompt it to recover its vigor. The fertilizer for topdressing should mainly be nitrogen fertilizer, and the amount should be controlled well according to tree vigor and fruit yield. Then, when deep plowing, attention should be paid to applying sufficient base fertilizer, which is the key to ensuring high and abundant yield the following year. It should be applied before leaf fall to promote root growth and ensure the flowering and fruiting rate the following year.
4. Pest and disease control
Pest and disease control is a management task that we cannot ignore throughout the year. Especially after harvest, because after harvest, most of the nutrients have flowed out of the fruit tree, and at this time the tree's growth capacity is very weak. Therefore, after harvest, we should disinfect properly, strengthen water and fertilizer management, and take diseased and residual plant parts and weeds in the orchard out of the orchard in a centralized way. Then we should understand the symptoms of several common pests and diseases of plum trees, such as leafhoppers and shot hole disease. This makes it easier to know promptly after an outbreak what pest or disease it is, and then make the corresponding treatment method.
The above is a brief introduction to the management points after plum harvest. Management after plum harvest is very important and directly affects the growth of plums the following year, so everyone must pay close attention. That is all for today's introduction. This article is for reference only, and we hope it can help everyone!