Detailed Explanation of Post-Harvest Management Techniques for Lychee
Lychee is one of the seasonal fruits of summer. Management after the lychee fruit is ripe and harvested is extremely important, as it is the key to cultivating fruiting branches for the coming year and is related to the next year's yield and income. So how should lychee be managed after harvest? Let's take a look at the detailed introduction below.
1. Pruning and Orchard Cleaning
After harvesting, prune in a timely manner and reasonably regulate the sprouting time of autumn shoots to cultivate robust fruiting mother branches. The degree of pruning should be based on the actual condition of the plant. Mature plants have large canopies and many branches, so heavy pruning is appropriate, while young plants should be lightly pruned to expand the canopy. When pruning, work from the inside out and from large to small, mainly removing diseased and pest-infested branches, shaded branches, inner canopy branches, overly dense branches and leggy branches, to reduce nutrient consumption of the tree and lay the foundation for flower bud differentiation the following year. After pruning, thoroughly clean the orchard, gather the pruned branches and leaves, ground weeds, fallen leaves and fallen fruit and burn them together, and apply medicine to the wounds to promote healing.
2. Fertilization
After cleaning the orchard, fertilize in a timely manner. Generally, apply 1 kg of nitrogen-potassium fertilizer per plant, which can be broadcast after rain or diluted with water and drenched, to restore tree vigor as quickly as possible and promote autumn shoots. After the autumn shoots sprout, apply a second round of fertilizer to strengthen the autumn shoots. At this time, generally apply 1.5-2 kg of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer per plant, or apply 15-20 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer, applied in radial trenches under the canopy. After fertilizing, cover with soil in a timely manner so that the fertilizer can be absorbed more quickly. After harvest, spray foliar fertilizer once every 10-15 days to improve leaf nutrition and promote robust autumn shoots.
3. Drainage and Irrigation
Summer and autumn are high-temperature seasons, and they are also a time when rainstorms occur frequently, so drainage measures should be taken during rainstorms to prevent water accumulation from affecting root
growth. At the same time, when rainfall is low and the soil is dry, pay attention to irrigation to prevent the plant from suffering from water shortage and drought, which would affect the sprouting of autumn shoots and the normal growth and development of the tree.
4. Pest and Disease Control
The high temperature and rainy summer is precisely the peak period for pests and diseases, and when autumn shoots sprout, the plant's resistance is relatively weak, and tender shoots and tender leaves are extremely vulnerable to pests and diseases. Therefore, spray medicine in a timely manner for prevention to ensure the normal growth and development of autumn shoots. Post-harvest pests and diseases include stink bugs, leaf-rolling moths, longhorn beetles, moths and so on, and control measures should be well implemented.
The above is an introduction to post-harvest management techniques for lychee. We hope it can help you. If you want to learn more related knowledge, please stay tuned to us.