A Complete Guide to the Four Key Points of Winter Pear Orchard Management
Pears are a popular fruit in winter, and winter is also the season for harvesting pears. The pear is a perennial fruit tree, and after harvest, most of the nutrients in the tree leave with the fruit, leaving the pear tree in a very weakened state. Therefore, winter pear orchard management work is very important. So how should pear trees be managed in winter? Below, the editor brings you the key points of winter pear orchard management. Let's take a look!
1. Cultivation and Weeding
Cultivation and weeding are very important for the growth of pear trees in winter. As mentioned just now, pear trees have very few nutrients in winter. If weeds are not removed in time, the weeds will rob the pear trees of nutrients, causing the trees' nutrient absorption to be blocked, making it impossible for them to recover their growth, and making them highly susceptible to cold damage. Therefore, in winter we should combine this with fertilization: after clearing the weeds completely, bury them in the soil as green manure. Then deep-plow the soil, and when cultivating, pay attention to the position to determine the cultivation depth. For example, under the canopy it must not be too deep, while between the rows deep-plow about 25 cm to destroy the overwintering sites of pathogens and insect eggs.
2. Timely Fertilization
Fertilization is an important measure to restore the growth of pear trees as quickly as possible. When pear trees lack nutrients, their growth weakens, and their cold resistance and disease resistance also drop greatly. Therefore, we must promptly supplement the nutrients lost due to fruit harvest. Before the onset of winter, deep-plow once, dig the fertilization trenches well, and then apply sufficient overwintering fertilizer. This promotes the pear trees' nutrient absorption and restores their growth. At this time, the amount of fertilizer applied accounts for about 30% of the total annual fertilizer amount. Be sure to pay attention to the amount: it must not be too much or too little. Too much easily causes fertilizer burn, while too little leads to insufficient nutrients and cold damage to the pear trees. The fertilizer should mainly be decomposed farmyard manure.
3. Pruning and Training
The purpose of pruning and training work is to prevent pear trees from having too many branches, which consume too many nutrients on the branches and affect the growth of the main trunk. When pruning, we should pay attention to adopting different pruning methods for fruit trees of different ages. For example, for pear trees that have grown for two years, hang and prop the roughly 3 new branches produced by summer branch bending. Ensure the branches have an angle of about 65 cm to prevent excessive growth and promote crown dwarfing. Then, for adult pear trees, use methods such as thinning and heading back to improve the permeability of the canopy and enhance the fruiting capacity of the branches.
4. Pest and Disease Control
Pest and disease control work requires special attention throughout the year. In winter, focus on clearing fallen leaves and branches, fallen flowers and fruit, weeds, and pruned branches, and take them out of the orchard for burning. Then pay attention to scraping clean the raised bark of the fruit trees to destroy the overwintering sites of pests and pathogens. Also, straw can be placed around the pear trees to lure pests onto the straw to overwinter, and then it is burned in the spring of the following year. Then whitewash the main trunks of the pear trees. After leaf fall, spray agents such as Baume degree lime-sulfur mixture evenly and comprehensively throughout the pear orchard, and use the medicinal residue for trunk whitewashing.
The above is a brief introduction to the key points of winter pear orchard management. Winter management work in pear orchards is very important. If managed improperly, it may at best affect the flowering and fruiting of the following year, and at worst cause the flowering and fruiting rate of the pear trees to remain very low thereafter. Therefore, everyone must pay close attention. That is all for today's introduction. This article is for reference only. Thank you for reading and supporting us.