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Key Technical Points and Precautions for Establishing a Jujube Orchard

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The jujube tree belongs to the Rhamnaceae family. It is resistant to drought and waterlogging, tolerant of saline-alkaline soils, and highly adaptable to the soil in which it is planted. However, if it is planted on plots with better soil conditions, it can grow even better. At the same time, the yield and quality of the fruit will improve accordingly, so the selection of the orchard site should also be given attention when planting jujube trees. When selecting the plot for establishment, the following important factors should be considered. First, soil texture: where conditions permit, sandy soil is best, especially "sand over gold" (about 20cm of sandy soil on the surface with red soil below

The jujube tree belongs to the Rhamnaceae family. It is resistant to drought and waterlogging, tolerant of saline-alkaline soils, and highly adaptable to the soil in which it is planted. However, if it is planted on plots with better soil conditions, it can grow even better. At the same time, the yield and quality of the fruit will improve accordingly, so the selection of the orchard site should also be given attention when planting jujube trees.

When selecting the plot for establishment, the following important factors should be considered. First, soil texture: where conditions permit, sandy soil is best, especially "sand over gold" (about 20cm of sandy soil on the surface with red soil below) soil, which is optimal. Light clay loam can also be used for planting jujube trees, but after planting jujube trees in overly heavy clay soil and gravelly soil, both growth and the yield and quality of the fruit are unsatisfactory, and the lifespan is also relatively short. Second, soil depth: generally a minimum of 60cm is required. The groundwater level should be below 1m, and the soil pH should be between 5.5 and 8.2. The total soil salt content should be below 0.3%, and sodium chloride below 0.1%. At the same time, the orchard site is required to have flat terrain, convenient transportation, and complete drainage and irrigation functions.

The quality of the nursery stock not only directly affects the survival rate after planting, but also affects the growth vigor after survival. Therefore, high-quality nursery stock must be selected. High-quality nursery stock should meet the following quality indicators: an intact root system with abundant roots, having more than 6 lateral roots with a diameter of more than 2mm and a length of more than 20cm, and more than 10 fine roots with a diameter of about 1.5mm and a length of 10-20cm; a seedling height of 1-1.2m, a root collar diameter greater than 1.2cm, a robust seedling with well-matured shoots, and no dry branches, dry roots, or wrinkled bark. In addition, the variety is required to be pure and free of pests and diseases. For grafted seedlings, the graft union should heal well, with the healed area exceeding 70% of the graft union.

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