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What are the key points of the double-cropping peach cultivation technique?

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With advances in breeding technology, extremely early-maturing peaches (such as Siyuehong peach and Wuyuecui peach) and extremely late-maturing peaches (such as Xue tao, Sheng tao and Dong tao) have appeared one after another, creating favorable conditions for extending the market supply period of peach fruit and improving the economic benefits of peach growers. However, in actual cultivation, early-maturing peaches shed leaves early, have many flower buds and a high fruit yield, and are prone to early tree decline. Late-maturing and extremely late-maturing peaches consume few nutrients in the early growth stage, and the trees are rich in nutrients and grow too vigorously, leading to relatively serious fruit drop, which brings difficulties to growers' cultivation management. If extremely early-maturing peach varieties are top-grafted into the inner canopy of late-maturing and extremely late-maturing peach trees,

With advances in breeding technology, extremely early-maturing peaches (such as Siyuehong peach and Wuyuecui peach) and extremely late-maturing peaches (such as Xue tao, Sheng tao and Dong tao) have appeared one after another, creating favorable conditions for extending the market supply period of peach fruit and improving the economic benefits of peach growers. However, in actual cultivation, early-maturing peaches shed leaves early, have many flower buds and a high fruit yield, and are prone to early tree decline. Late-maturing and extremely late-maturing peaches consume few nutrients in the early growth stage, and the trees are rich in nutrients and grow too vigorously, leading to relatively serious fruit drop, which brings difficulties to growers' cultivation management. If extremely early-maturing peach varieties are top-grafted into the inner canopy of late-maturing and extremely late-maturing peach trees, the goal of combining early and late crops in one tree, mutually filling the gaps and achieving high efficiency can be attained.

According to the author's experiments, with this technique, in the second year each peach tree can produce 4 kg of fruit (including 1 kg of early peaches and 3 kg of late peaches), in the third year about 15 kg, and by the fourth year a large harvest can be achieved. The cultivation technique is described below:

1. Cultivating strong seedlings. Use peach or mountain peach sown that year as rootstock, and late-maturing varieties (such as Xue tao, Dong tao, Sheng tao, Cuimi tao, Gongjin datao and Huangjinmi tao) as scions, and graft by the "T"-shaped bud grafting method in the peach rootstock nursery in early June. Through two pruning treatments of the rootstock, the grafted buds sprout in the same year, and when the sprouts grow to 50 cm, pinch the tips or treat with paclobutrazol so that plump strong buds form within the shaping zone.

2. Rational planting. Dig planting trenches at a spacing of 2 m x 4 m or 3 m x 4 m, apply sufficient base fertilizer, and plant in early winter or early spring, applying no or little starter fertilizer to prevent seedling burn. Apply frequent light topdressing; late-maturing peaches planted that year can form a canopy of more than 1 m by May-June. At this time, graft extremely early-maturing sweet peaches by the "T"-shaped bud grafting method on the inner canopy and at the forks between two trees. Cut off the branches above the grafted bud (the cut should be more than 5 cm from the grafted bud), and remove other sprouting tender buds and leaves on the branches.

3. Tree management after grafting. After grafting, apply a quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer to the whole tree, and when the grafted bud grows to 40 cm, pinch the tip, or spray the whole orchard once with paclobutrazol. Clear the ditches and drain waterlogging, and do well in branch pulling, tree hanging, branch twisting and the control of leafhoppers and aphids.

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