What kind of pear variety is Yuanhuang?
I. Variety origin
Introduced from South Korea in 1999 by the Beijing Municipal Forestry Bureau, and planted at the Huangfa Nursery in Beijing. Parental combination: Zaoshengchi x Wansanji. Approved by Beijing in 2002.
II. Characteristics
This variety was bred in South Korea, belongs to the sand pear system, and is an early-maturing large-fruit type.
The tree vigor is relatively strong, and the tree posture is semi-spreading. It readily forms short fruit branches and axillary flower buds, with 7-9 flowers per inflorescence. The leaves are broadly oval, light green with a bright gloss, and the leaf blade curls downward from the upper surface toward the lower surface. One-year-old branches are yellowish brown, with large and dense lenticels, and the branches are thick.
The fruit is round, with small and densely packed fruit dots. The average single fruit weight is 560 g, and the maximum single fruit weight can reach 1000 g. The soluble solids content is 16-17%, the peel is thin, and the ground color of the peel is dark brown, turning light brown after bagging; the flesh is milky white, with a small amount of stone cells near the core, abundant juice, and an edible rate of 96%. At the Huangfa Nursery, the flowering period is mid-April, and the fruit ripening period is early to mid-August, about 15 days earlier than in South Korea. The fruit ripening period is early, so it can be harvested ahead of time.
The pollen quantity is large, the fruit-setting rate is high, and it is high-yielding and stable-yielding, with strong resistance to scab and black spot, and excellent fruit quality. If too many fruits are set, it easily causes premature decline of tree vigor, so fruit thinning should be strengthened, and irrigation and drainage should be well managed during cultivation.
In the Beijing area, young trees flower in the second year and bear fruit in the third year, and the average yield per mu is generally controlled at 2000-2500 kg. After harvest, the fruit needs to be stored under refrigeration.
III. Key points of cultivation techniques
1. The plants have relatively strong growth vigor; pay attention to rational close planting, with 45 plants per mu.
2. It can be used as a pollinator tree for other varieties.
3. In the first year of planting, apply sufficient base fertilizer, and ensure adequate fertilizer and water supply in the first two years to promote canopy formation as quickly as possible; after fruiting, strengthen fertilizer and water management, especially the application amount of organic fertilizer, which should reach 5-10 cubic meters per mu.
4. Train branches in time to improve ventilation and light conditions.
5. For top-grafted trees, train branches in time in the first year and enhance tree vigor, and flower buds can be formed in the second year.
6. After the fruit is harvested, supplement nitrogen fertilizer in time, using a combination of foliar spraying and root application.
7. Fruit bagging management must be implemented. After bagging, observe and pay attention to controlling pests that enter the bags, such as yellow mealworm and pear psylla.
IV. Suitable planting areas
Suitable for planting in the Beijing area.