How should golden pear be managed in summer to improve quality?

In recent years, golden pear has developed rapidly, and the planting area has continued to expand, but the rate of high-quality fruit is not high, mainly because there are too many deformed fruits and russeted fruits. Summer management is the key period for improving fruit quality. The main technical measures for summer management of golden pear are summarized as follows:

1. From mid-June to late August is the fruit expansion period, and golden pear has a relatively high water requirement. Under drought conditions, the pear shrinks and wrinkles during the day and absorbs water at night to replenish itself, so it can recover or grow; otherwise the fruit is small or wrinkled skin forms throughout. In late July, if there is a long drought without rain, fruit cracking of varying degrees often occurs because the flesh cells expand rapidly and the skin ages. Therefore, during this period, irrigation should be carried out continuously according to weather conditions and soil moisture, so as to help the fruit enlarge and prevent the occurrence of toad-skin fruit. Golden pear is relatively tolerant of waterlogging, but in prolonged rain, drainage should be carried out promptly.

2. In mid-June, fruit expansion fertilizer should be applied as a top dressing. Generally, apply 1.5-2 kg of compound fertilizer per tree, depending on the size of the tree. Open radial trenches, spread the fertilizer, and then water. Early July is the beginning of rapid fruit expansion, so foliar fertilizer should be applied as a top dressing and nitrogen fertilizer should be controlled. Generally, spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate at 0.1-0.2 kg per tree to improve fruit quality.

3. Pest and disease control is an important guarantee for increasing golden pear yield. The main diseases from June to August include scab, brown spot, and ring rot, and the main pests include oriental fruit moth, scarab beetles, psyllids, pear aphids, and red spider mites. The control method is: spray carbendazim + abamectin (or pyrethrin) in mid-June. Spray imidacloprid + dinocap in early July; spray mancozeb + taoxiaoling in late July; spray methomyl + carbendazim in early August. At the same time, sugar-vinegar solution can be hung to trap and kill oriental fruit moth, scarab beetles, pear aphids, and others.

4. In early June, spring shoots stop growing after terminal bud formation, so summer pruning, pinching, branch thinning, and branch bending should be carried out. This can prevent poor ventilation caused by dense branches and leaves in the canopy. During the young fruit stage, when there is a lot of water and high air humidity, fruit russeting is likely to occur. The general branch quantity is 1000-2000 per tree. (Wendeng City Agriculture Bureau)