How to grow Cangfang Zaosheng peaches? A complete guide to the supporting cultivation techniques

In 2000, Zhangjiagang City introduced Cangfang Zaosheng peach from Shandong for trial planting. This variety shows strong tree vigor, strong sprouting and branching ability, and bears fruit early; the fruit is nearly round, with an average single fruit weight of 225 grams and a maximum fruit weight of 500 grams; the skin is milky white, with red or rose-red stripes on the sun-facing side, not easy to peel, the flesh is milky white with a slight red tinge, hard melting texture, tolerant of storage and transport, soluble solids content 12%, clingstone. It ripens in Zhangjiagang City at the end of June.

1. Planting. In autumn, choose a field with high, well-drained terrain to establish the orchard. Dig trenches 1 m wide and 50-60 cm deep, and scatter 1000 kg of straw, weeds, branches and other materials per mu into the trenches. Apply 2000 kg of organic fertilizer and 150 kg of superphosphate per mu, mix with soil, then apply into the trenches, irrigate to settle, and make horse-back ridges 20 cm high. Plant around the Spring Festival, with 5 m between rows and 4 m between plants, each good. Configure 1 row of pollinator trees for every 5 rows.

2. Fertilizer and water management. In the first two years after planting, apply 250 grams of urea per tree at budbreak, apply 250 grams of compound fertilizer and 1-1.5 kg of cake fertilizer per tree in May-June, and in September-October deep plow 30-40 cm and apply an appropriate amount of organic fertilizer and superphosphate. In the third year, spray 0.3% boron fertilizer solution once each before and after flowering, and in mid-to-late May apply 500 grams of 45% potassium sulfate compound fertilizer and 500 grams of potassium sulfate per tree. After 3 years, at budbreak appropriately apply nitrogen fertilizer according to tree vigor, spray boron fertilizer solution at flowering, in mid-to-late May apply 1-1.5 kg of 45% potassium sulfate compound fertilizer and 1 kg of potassium sulfate per tree, and in September-October apply 1500 kg of organic fertilizer per mu. Keep the surrounding ditch 80 cm deep, the inner ditch 60 cm deep, and the ridge ditch 40 cm deep to prevent water accumulation in the field.

3. Training and pruning. The tree form is a three-main-branch natural open-center shape. After the tree survives, cut and retain a trunk of 50-60 cm. When new shoots reach 40 cm, select and retain 3 vigorous, evenly distributed, relatively open new shoots as main branches, and pinch the remaining branches at 25 cm to promote secondary shoots. Use propping and pulling methods to adjust the angle between main branches to 120 degrees, with an opening angle of 45 degrees. In summer pruning, remove upright branches; in winter pruning, remove 1/3-1/2 of the extension shoots of the main branches. In the second and third years, arrange 1 side branch every 60 cm on the main branches, for a total of 6-9 side branches. Prune main branches heavily and side branches lightly, adjust the growth vigor of side branches, and keep the opening angle at 60-80 degrees. In the early fruiting stage, winter pruning removes strong vigorous branches, slender branches and densely growing branches on the periphery of the canopy, and lightly prunes and leaves long fruiting branches; in the full fruiting stage, strengthen the training of fruiting branch groups, adopt the double-branch renewal or single-branch renewal method to rejuvenate fruiting branches, and control the outward movement of fruiting positions.

4. Flower and fruit management. During the flowering period, carry out artificial supplementary pollination after 9 o'clock every day. Thin fruit once each 15 days and 30 days after flowering, leaving more fruit on the outer and upper parts of the canopy and fewer fruit in the inner and lower parts, leaving about 300 fruits per tree.

5. Disease and pest control. The main diseases and pests of peach trees include bacterial shot hole, anthracnose, brown rot and fruit borers, aphids, scale insects, mites, etc. Pay attention to control.