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Detailed Explanation of Top Grafting and Variety Conversion Techniques for Huangjin Pear (Golden Pear)

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Most varieties of the White Pear and Sand Pear systems can be converted to Huangjin Pear (Golden Pear). For top grafting of large trees, the first step is to determine the desired tree shape, then select the scaffold branches and the branches to be grafted based on the tree shape requirements. Saw off the original top of the branch to be grafted, and select scions of appropriate thickness for grafting. Use one-year-old branches as scions. In winter or spring, cut branches with plump buds and store them in a cold storage or in a pit dug in a shady spot layered with sand. Perform multiple-scion grafting in late March. Generally, for trees under 5 years old, graft 5-10 buds per tree; for 5-10 year old trees, graft 10

Most varieties of the White Pear and Sand Pear systems can be converted to Huangjin Pear (Golden Pear). For top grafting of large trees, the first step is to determine the desired tree shape, then select the scaffold branches and the branches to be grafted based on the tree shape requirements. Saw off the original top of the branch to be grafted, and select scions of appropriate thickness for grafting. Use one-year-old branches as scions. In winter or spring, cut branches with plump buds and store them in a cold storage or in a pit dug in a shady spot layered with sand. Perform multiple-scion grafting in late March. Generally, for trees under 5 years old, graft 5-10 buds per tree; for 5-10 year old trees, graft 10-20 buds per tree; for 10-20 year old trees, graft 30-40 buds per tree; for large trees over 30 years old, graft 40-60 buds per tree. At the saw cut, use bark grafting; on bare sections, use bark side grafting; on thin rootstock, use cleft side grafting. The number of grafted buds depends on the grafting position and the thickness of the rootstock. Bark grafting and side grafting should be carried out when the cambium is active (bark slips), grafting a single bud; at the saw cut, bark grafting can graft 2-3 buds. After grafting, use 10-20 cm wide plastic film to wrap and seal all grafted buds tightly. Note that the film wrapped around the grafted bud site must be a single layer, otherwise the grafted buds cannot break through the film and sprout on their own. For the occasional bud that cannot break through the film, later use a pin to poke it at the bud. After grafting, promptly remove sprouting shoots from the rootstock. When new shoots grow to about 30 cm, tie them to windbreak stakes; in mid-June, remove the binding film used during grafting; in July, when new shoots grow to about 80 cm, train and tie them at an angle of 45-60 degrees, so that axillary flower buds can form in the same year and bear fruit the following year.

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