Cuiguan Pear

Characteristics: This variety is a deciduous arbor fruit tree. The budbreak period is from late February to early March, the early flowering period is from late early March to mid-March, and the fruit ripening period is from late June to early July. The tree is vigorous with a relatively upright growth habit; the budbreak rate is high and the branching ability is medium. Flower buds form easily, fruit sets early, and yields are high and stable; young trees mainly bear fruit on long fruiting branches, while mature trees mainly bear fruit on short fruiting branches; early abnormal massive leaf drop is unlikely to occur; leaves are ovate, leaf buds are small and triangular; the bud position is flat with a protrusion above; flowers are white, with 18-24 stamens and 1 pistil with 5 lobes. In Jianning County, the fruit ripening period is from late June to early July, 25 days earlier than Huanghua Pear; the fruit is relatively large, with a single fruit weight of 255 g; the fruit is nearly round, the peel is brownish-green, the fruit dots are small, the calyx is deciduous, the flesh is white, tender, crisp, and extremely resistant to browning; the juice is abundant, the taste is sweet, and the quality is excellent. According to testing by the Sanming City Agricultural Center Testing Station, the soluble solids content is 12.9%, total acid 0.08%, total sugar 9.22%, and vitamin C 13.05 mg/100 g; according to surveys by the Sanming City Plant Protection Station at relevant orchards in Jianning and Qingliu Counties, pear rust, pear scab, black spot, ring rot, dieback, and pests including pear fruit moth, pear psylla, pear gall midge, and pear lace bug were found.

Yield performance: Through multi-year, multi-site trial plantings in Sanming, Nanping, Longyan and other cities, the yield per tree is generally about 7.5 kg for 3-year-old trees and about 38 kg for 5-year-old trees. A 6-year-old orchard can reach a yield of 1200 kg per mu.

Key cultivation techniques: 1. Choose a suitable site for orchard establishment and planting. Select southeast-facing land with thicker soil and relatively fertile soil for reclamation and orchard establishment. 2. Rational shaping and pruning. Open-center tree shaping and pruning should be adopted, combining winter pruning and summer pruning. For young trees, methods such as inward bud outward training and propping, pulling, and hanging should be used more often to open the branch angle and moderate branch vigor, so as to facilitate early flower formation, more flower formation, and early high yield. 3. Select and arrange suitable pollinizer trees. The most ideal pollinizer varieties are Qingxiang and Huanghua. 4. Pay attention to flower and fruit thinning, with fruit thinning as the main practice. Fruit thinning can generally be carried out 15 days after flowering, and the fruit spacing should be kept at 15-20 cm. 5. Integrated pest and disease control. 6. Strengthen water and fertilizer management. Increase the application of potassium fertilizer and calcium fertilizer to reduce fruit cracking.

Certification opinion of the Provincial Non-Major Crop Variety Certification Committee: Cuiguan Pear is a deciduous arbor fruit tree with early fruiting, high and stable yield, relatively large fruit, abundant juice, sweet taste, and excellent quality; in Jianning County, the fruit ripening period is from late June to early July, 25 days earlier than Huanghua Pear. It is suitable for planting in mid-altitude areas of northwestern Fujian. After review, this variety complies with the provisions of Fujian Province for the certification of non-major crop varieties and has passed certification.