What varieties are first-grade superior varieties of apricots for kernel use?

1. Longwangmao Among the apricot varieties for kernel use currently mainly cultivated in production in China, only Longwangmao is first-grade, and it is called "Longhuang Big Almond" internationally. The fruit is oblate, with an average single fruit weight of 18 g and a maximum of 24 g; the skin is orange-yellow and the flesh is thin; the stone is free. The kernel rate is 17.5%, and the dry stone weight is 2.3 g. The kernel yield is 37.6%, and the average dry kernel weight is 0.8-0.84 g. The kernel is flat and plump, conical with a flat base; the kernel skin is brownish-yellow, and the kernel flesh is milky white, fragrant and crisp in taste, with a slight bitterness. The average yield per tree at 5-6 years old is 3.2 kg of almond kernels. It is not self-fruitful.

2. Chaoren Chaoren was selected and bred by the Liaoning Province Institute of Pomology in 1998. The fruit is flat-ovoid, with an average single fruit weight of 16.7 g; the skin and flesh are both orange-yellow, and the stone is free. The shell is the thinnest, with an average dry stone weight of 2.16 g and a kernel rate of 18.5%. The kernel yield is 41.1%, and the average dry kernel weight is 0.96 g, 14% larger than Longwangmao. The kernel flesh is milky white and sweet in taste. The average yield per tree at 5-10 years old is 4.3 kg of almond kernels, 37.5% higher than Longwangmao. The self-fruitful rate reaches 4.2%.

3. Youren Youren was selected and bred by the Liaoning Province Institute of Pomology in 1998. The fruit is flat-ovoid, with an average single fruit weight of 15.7 g, and the stone is free. The average dry stone weight is 2.13 g, and the kernel rate is 16.3 g. The average dry kernel weight is 0.90 g, and the kernel yield is 38.7%. The kernel is large and thick, plump, sweet and fragrant in taste, and the fat content in the kernel flesh is as high as 61.5%, 37% higher than Longwangmao, making it the variety with the highest fat content among almonds. The average yield per tree at 5-10 years old is 3.3 kg of almond kernels, 4% higher than Longwangmao. It is not self-fruitful.

4. Fengren Fengren was selected and bred by the Liaoning Province Institute of Pomology in 1998. The fruit is flat-ovoid, with an average single fruit weight of 13.2 g, and the stone is free. The dry stone weight is 2.17 g, the kernel rate is 16.4%, and the stone surface is relatively protruding. The average dry kernel weight is 0.89 g, and the kernel yield is 39.1%. The kernel is thick, plump, and sweet and fragrant in taste. The average yield per tree at 5-10 years old is 4.4 kg of almond kernels, 38.5% higher than Longwangmao. The self-fruitful rate is 2.4%, and it is extremely high-yielding. It is the pollinizer variety for Chaoren.

5. Guoren Guoren was selected and bred by the Liaoning Province Institute of Pomology in 1998. The fruit is flat-ovoid, with an average single fruit weight of 14.1 g, and the stone is free. The dry stone weight is 2.37 g, and the kernel rate is 21.3%, making it the variety with the highest kernel rate. The average dry kernel weight is 0.88 g. The kernel yield is 37.2%, and the almond kernels are plump and sweet in taste. The average yield per tree at 5-10 years old is 4.1 kg of almond kernels, 27.1% higher than Longwangmao, with good yielding ability. It is not self-fruitful. The above four new varieties have strong disease resistance. After years of observation, no diseases such as gummosis, bacterial shot hole, and fruit scab have been found. They have relatively strong cold resistance and can be cultivated in areas south of Gongzhuling, Jilin. Also belonging to this grade are new lines such as 80D05, 80A03, and 79C13.