Detailed explanation of the key cultivation techniques for Cornus officinalis, master the scientific planting method
Cornus officinalis, also known as shanzhuyu, yurou, or zaopi, belongs to the Cornaceae family, and its fruit is used as medicine. Yurou has the effects of nourishing yin and strengthening yang, resolving phlegm and strengthening the stomach, and astringing essence and stopping sweating. It has high medicinal value and is a precious Chinese medicinal material. Its growth characteristics are: it can grow normally under environmental conditions of 10-30°C. It prefers deep, fertile, moist sandy loam. The key cultivation techniques are introduced below for reference by the many who introduce and cultivate it.
1 Land preparation and fertilization After selecting a good plot, plow deeply and harrow finely, level the land and make beds. The bed width is 1.5 m, and open drill rows about 15 cm deep, with row spacing 30 cm and sowing width about 20 cm. Apply sufficient farmyard manure in the furrows so that the seeds can be sown directly on the base fertilizer.
2 Sowing The seed coat of Cornus officinalis seeds is hard, germination is slow, and the germination rate is low, so seed treatment is required. Treatment methods include: 1) Hot water soaking: soak the seeds in 60°C hot water for 2 days, then remove, dry, and sow; 2) Human urine soaking: soak the seeds in human urine for 15-20 days, then mix with plant ash and sow; 3) Soak the seeds in concentrated sulfuric acid for 1 minute, then rinse with clean water and sow. The time is in late October. Sow the seeds on the base fertilizer in the prepared furrows, with a seed spacing of 3-4.5 cm. Cover lightly with fine soil 3 cm. After sowing, strengthen management of the seedling plot and prevent trampling by people and livestock. By May of the following year, the seeds crack but do not emerge. Generally, they can only emerge after 1 year.
3 Planting When the Cornus officinalis seedlings grow to 60 cm, they can be transplanted and established. The transplanting time is divided into spring and winter. In spring, it is from the Spring Equinox to Qingming; in winter, it is around the Start of Winter. The survival rate of winter transplanting is relatively higher. When planting, the plant spacing is about 2.5 m, and more than 120 plants can be planted per mu.
4 Harvest From seed emergence to fruit bearing on young branches, Cornus officinalis takes about 10 years. If cultivation, management, and the growing environment are good, fruiting can be advanced by 2-3 years. For each plant with a branch age of 10-20 years or less, about 0.5 kg of fresh fruit can be produced each year, which is a relatively low yield. For those with a branch age of 20-50 years, the average yield is 10 kg of fresh fruit; for those over 50 years, the average yield is 20-50 kg of fresh fruit. The fruit ripening period is from September to October. Fresh fruit needs to be processed before it can @#@136@#@.