How to Improve Pear Fruit Quality? A Detailed Guide to Practical Measures

Increase organic fertilizer application, and control nitrogen while increasing phosphorus and potassium before harvest. Increasing organic fertilizer and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer can make the fruit surface smooth and clean and raise the sugar content. The application rate of organic fertilizer should reach one jin of fertilizer per jin of fruit. Chemical fertilizers should be applied at a nitrogen:phosphorus:potassium ratio of 1:0.5:1. Spraying potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2-3 times in July and controlling the use of nitrogen fertilizer later can both achieve high and stable yields and help fruit coloring, increase sweetness, and improve fruit quality and storability; spraying 0.3-0.5% calcium agents in mid-to-late June has a significant effect on reducing green-headed fruit, rough-skinned fruit and black heart disease during storage.

Promote growth before watering and control it afterward. Watering is required 4 times a year, respectively before flowering, after flowering, during flower bud differentiation and before freezing. When there is too much rain, shallowly turn over the tree dish to dry the soil. (Note: "tree dish" means the soil area under the tree canopy; here it refers to shallowly turning the soil beneath the tree to reduce moisture.)

Strictly control the load. To improve quality, it is necessary to control the tree load through reasonable flower and fruit thinning. Snow pear should be left with a single fruit, with a branch-to-fruit ratio of 3-4:1; Ya pear may partially retain double fruit, with a branch-to-fruit ratio of 2-3:1.

Adjust the tree structure and improve lighting. During the full bearing period, carry out head removal and opening of the center, pay attention to adjusting the density of large and medium-sized scaffold branches, open the layers, spread the branch angles, guide light into the canopy, keep the light spots under the tree accounting for about 15% of the tree canopy projection area, and promptly retract and renew branch groups to improve production capacity; when arranging the main branches of young trees, position them lower in the south and higher in the north to reduce shading inside the canopy.

Prevent and control diseases and pests in time. Spraying lime sulfur mixture before bud break can increase the soluble solids content of the fruit; spraying carbendazim after bud break and before harvest gives bright fruit color and increases soluble solids content. Spraying thiram in the later growth stage will cause yellowish-brown spots on the fruit surface, so it must not be used.

Promote the single-fruit bagging technique. Fruit bagging can not only give the peel proper color, reduce fruit dots, reduce rust and rot, and make it bright and clean, but also reduce damage from diseases and pests and increase economic returns. The suitable bagging time is 30-40 days after full bloom (when the fruit transverse diameter is within 20 mm and fruit dots have not yet appeared or are very few).

Ground cover in the orchard. Using crop straw, weeds, etc. for ground cover can reduce water evaporation, maintain soil temperature, prevent surface runoff, and increase soil fertility, and has a clear effect on increasing single-fruit weight and soluble solids content. Coverage methods include: ① Whole-orchard coverage, suitable for orchards that are closed and no longer intercropped, with 2000-2500 kg of dry grass per mu and 4000 kg of fresh grass; ② Local coverage between trees, suitable for orchards with small trees, intercropping, or insufficient grass sources, with 1100-1500 kg of dry grass per mu and 2000-3000 kg of fresh grass, both with a thickness of 10-20 cm.

Use silver reflective film laid under the trees to improve light conditions inside the tree canopy.