Introduction to Red-Skinned Pear Varieties: Characteristics of New Pear Varieties

Several red-skinned pear varieties recently bred or introduced in China not only have excellent quality, good early fruiting and high yield, and strong adaptability, but are also deeply welcomed by producers and consumers because of their beautiful appearance and high economic benefits. Several main excellent varieties are introduced below:

1. Red Clapp's Favorite is an American variety, a bud sport of Clapp's Favorite, and is the most beautiful early-maturing excellent variety among pear varieties. The fruit is large, with an average single fruit weight of 131 grams. It is shaped like a slender-necked gourd, the skin is purplish red, the fruit surface is smooth and has a waxy luster, and the fruit dots are small and inconspicuous, making the appearance very beautiful. The flesh is milky white and fine in texture. After 5 to 7 days of ripening, the flesh becomes soft, the juice is abundant, and there are few stone cells. The taste is sweet and sour with a slight fragrance, and the quality is superior. It contains 11%-13% soluble solids. The fruit matures in early August and is not resistant to storage, but can be stored for about 15 days. The plant vigor is moderate, and the sprouting ability is strong. It can produce a high yield 4 years after planting, and mature trees mainly bear fruit on short fruit branches. It has strong adaptability.

2. Bayuehong is an excellent variety bred by the Shaanxi Fruit Tree Research Institute. The fruit is oval, with an average single fruit weight of 260 grams and a maximum single fruit weight of 453 grams. The fruit surface is smooth, slightly ridged, and the fruit dots are small and dense. The skin is slightly thick, the ground color is pale yellow, and the sunny side is red, making the appearance beautiful. The flesh is milky white, fine and crisp, with few stone cells, abundant juice, and a sweet taste. It contains 11.01%-11.30% soluble solids, and the quality is superior. The fruit matures in mid-August and can be stored for about 20 days. The tree vigor is strong, young trees are upright, and the tree shape gradually opens up after fruiting. The sprouting ability is strong, and the branching ability is medium. All types of fruit branches can bear fruit, and mature trees mainly bear fruit on medium and short fruit branches. White flowers do not set fruit. "Zaosu", "Dangshansu", and "Qinsu" can all serve as pollinizer trees. It has good early fruiting and high yield, wide adaptability, and strong stress resistance. It is highly resistant to scab, ring rot, and rot, and relatively resistant to rust and black spot. It has no strict requirements for soil.

3. Hongxiangsu is a hybrid variety bred by the Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences. The fruit is large, with an average single fruit weight of 220 grams and a maximum single fruit weight of 480 grams, and is spindle-shaped. The ground color of the skin is greenish yellow, and 2/3 of the fruit surface is red. It is smooth and clean, with relatively thick wax, no fruit russeting, and large and dense fruit dots, making the appearance beautiful. The core is small, the flesh is white, and the texture is crisp and tender. The flesh is relatively fine, with few stone cells and abundant juice. The soluble solids content is 13%-14%. The flavor is sweet and delicious, and the quality is excellent. It is storage-resistant and can be stored for 2 months at room temperature. The growth vigor is relatively strong. The sprouting rate is high, and the branching ability is medium. White flowers do not set fruit, and "Dangshansu" and Xuehua pear are suitable as pollinizer trees. It bears fruit relatively early and mainly bears fruit on short fruit branches. It matures in mid-September, but can be eaten after mid-July. Pre-harvest fruit drop is not obvious, and it has high and stable yield. It is drought-resistant, cold-resistant, waterlogging-tolerant, barren-tolerant, and salt-alkali-tolerant. It grows and bears fruit normally in the arid areas of the Loess Plateau. It is highly resistant to scab and relatively resistant to ring rot. It is relatively resistant to pear aphids and red spiders.