Detailed guide to golden plum jujube cultivation: grow the finest of jujubes

Golden plum jujube is a new extra-late-maturing large jujube variety bred by the Nanyang Jujube Research Institute in Henan Province, and has won the national science and technology gold award many times. The golden plum jujube fruit is large and round, turning golden-red when ripe, and resembles a plum. The average single fruit weight is 30g, and the largest fruit weighs 100g. It has a glossy and beautiful appearance, thin skin and crisp flesh, is tender and juicy, sweet as honey, with a rich aroma and excellent quality. The edible rate of golden plum jujube is 96.4%, the moisture content is 65.4%, and the soluble solids content is 32.2%. It is praised by domestic experts as a "national treasure" and called by international friends the "Oriental divine fruit."

1. The golden plum jujube industry has broad prospects.

In recent years, golden plum jujube has developed rapidly, and its industrialization has become a project for enriching the people and a pillar industry in poor areas such as mountainous, sandy, arid, and saline-alkali regions, becoming a "money tree" for farmers to escape poverty and become wealthy.

Jujube is a well-known nutritious tonic and medicinal fruit, and in recent years it has become one of the indispensable commodities on the market. Fresh jujube contains abundant vitamin C, flavonoids, cyclic adenosine monophosphate, and cyclic guanosine monophosphate. These substances have significant therapeutic effects on coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction, and other conditions. Medical research shows that jujube has therapeutic effects on insufficient qi and blood, anemia, lung deficiency with cough, neurasthenia, insomnia, high blood pressure, septicemia, and more.

As a planting industry unique to our country, the jujube industry plays an important role in the rural economy. Through developing golden plum jujube production, some regions have developed the rural economy, raised farmers' incomes, revitalized the local economy, and demonstrated the good development prospects of the golden plum jujube industry. At present, our country is the world's largest jujube producer and the only exporter of golden plum jujube products, and golden plum jujube has enormous development potential in foreign trade exports.

2. Key points of golden plum jujube cultivation techniques

(1) Orchard site selection. When establishing an orchard, pay attention to terrain, water sources, drainage and irrigation, transportation, and so on, and make full use of the existing favorable conditions.

(2) Planting season. For golden plum jujube, from early November to early April of the following year, because the jujube seedlings are in a dormant state, planting can be done during this time. In autumn planting, the soil has sufficient moisture and the ground temperature is still high, so after planting the broken root wounds heal quickly and the survival rate is high. In spring planting, the temperature has already risen and the sap begins to flow, so sprouts appear soon after planting. If planted in winter, firm the soil after planting, water thoroughly, and take measures to protect against cold, freezing, and to protect the seedlings, and the survival rate will be the same as in spring and autumn.

(3) Planting density. Generally, with a row spacing and plant spacing of 3m x 2m, planting 110 plants per 667 sq m is appropriate. The principle is ventilation and light penetration; row spacing should be wider and plant spacing closer; intercropping should be sparser and sole cropping denser; plains should be sparser and hills denser.

(4) Planting method. Before planting, make a good plan, set out planting lines, and make planting holes with a diameter of 60-70cm and a depth of 50cm. Apply 20kg of high-quality farmyard manure per hole. The jujube seedlings should first have their roots dipped in rooting agent, and after planting, water thoroughly and seal the soil, or cover with plastic film to reduce evaporation of soil moisture.

(5) Post-planting management. After the jujube seedlings are planted, water frequently, and especially in case of drought, water promptly. In case of waterlogging from rain, drain promptly. Fertilize frequently; after survival, apply nitrogen fertilizer promptly as the main fertilizer. Apply pesticides frequently and control pests and diseases promptly. Weed frequently, loosen the soil promptly to preserve moisture, and remove weeds.

Golden plum jujube is extra-late-maturing, excellent in quality, easy to preserve, and good in economic benefits; it also has strong adaptability, is not choosy about soil, is drought-resistant and waterlogging-resistant, and tolerates barren and saline-alkali soils; it requires extensive management, has simple technology, and needs little labor and investment. It can be planted in both the south and the north and in the east and west. It is an excellent and highly precise project for rural industrial restructuring and returning farmland to forest, as well as an ideal project for escaping poverty and becoming wealthy and for poverty alleviation in the countryside. It is the main variety for establishing export-oriented specialty fresh-eating jujube fruit bases, and should be vigorously developed without delay.