Introduction to the New High Pear Variety and Key Cultivation Techniques

I. Variety Origin

Introduced from South Korea in 1999 by the Beijing Municipal Forestry Bureau, planted at the Huangfa Nursery in Beijing. Parental combination: Yinhe x Imamura Aki. Approved by Beijing in 2002.

II. Characteristics

This variety was bred in Japan and belongs to the sand pear system, large-fruit type. After introduction from South Korea, the trellis open-center cultivation technique was adopted.

The tree vigor is relatively strong, with a semi-spreading tree habit. It readily forms short fruit branches and axillary flower buds, with 7-9 flowers per inflorescence. The leaves are broadly elliptical, with relatively large serrations on the leaf margins, dark green in color, and the underside of the leaves has fine hairs. One-year-old branches are yellow-brown, with large and densely arranged lenticels, and the branches are thick and sturdy.

The fruit is oblate, with small and densely arranged fruit dots. The average fruit weight is 450-500 g, with a maximum of up to 1000 g. The soluble solids content of the fruit is 15%. The skin is thin, the flesh is milky white, with few stone cells, abundant juice, and an edible rate of 92%. The ground color of the skin is dark brown, turning light brownish-yellow after bagging. At the Huangfa Nursery, the flowering period is mid-April, and the fruit ripening period is late September, about 15 days earlier than the ripening period in South Korea.

This variety requires pollinator trees when planted, with Huashan Pear and Qiuhuang Pear being suitable. It is high-yielding and stable-yielding, with top-grade quality and strong resistance to pear scab and black spot. If it bears too much fruit, it can easily cause premature decline of tree vigor, so thinning of fruit should be strengthened, and irrigation and drainage should be well managed during cultivation.

Young trees begin to show flowers from the second year and bear fruit in the third year. In the Beijing area, the average yield per mu should be controlled at 2000-2500 kg to ensure fruit quality.

The fruit needs cold storage after harvest.

III. Key Cultivation Techniques

1. The plants have relatively strong growth vigor; pay attention to reasonable close planting, with 45 plants per mu.

2. Configure pollinator trees well, with Fengshui, Qiuhuang, Ganquan, and Yuanhuang pears being suitable.

3. In the first year of planting, apply sufficient base fertilizer, and ensure adequate fertilizer and water supply in the first two years to promote canopy formation as quickly as possible. After fruiting, strengthen fertilizer and water management, especially the amount of organic fertilizer applied, reaching 5-10 cubic meters per mu.

4. Bend branches in a timely manner to improve ventilation and light conditions.

5. For top-grafted trees, bend branches in a timely manner in the first year and enhance tree vigor; flower buds can be formed in the second year.

6. After the fruit is harvested, supplement nitrogen fertilizer in a timely manner, combining foliar spraying and root application. 7. Fruit must be managed with bagging, and attention should be paid to observing and controlling pests such as yellow mealybug and pear psylla that

enter the bags.

IV. Suitable Planting Areas

Suitable for planting in the Beijing area.