What are the precautions for growing winter jujube? A full analysis of the key points
Winter jujube, also known as apple jujube and yanlaihong, is a type of jujube that ripens in October-November. It has a crisp texture and extremely high nutritional value, is loved by many people, and is grown over a fairly wide area in China. However, there are many misunderstandings during cultivation that affect the yield and quality of winter jujube. Below, follow the editor to take a look at the precautions for growing winter jujube.
1. Seed and site selection
To grow winter jujube with good yield and quality, seed selection is an extremely critical step. Today's cultivation techniques are fairly well developed, but there are many varieties of winter jujube, and each variety has its own characteristics, advantages and disadvantages, and different adaptability to the environment. Therefore, different regions need corresponding varieties, and excellent varieties suitable for planting should be selected according to local climate, soil and other factors. The planting site should be level, have sufficient light, loose and fertile soil, and be close to a water source.
2. Reasonable close planting
When nutrients are sufficient, winter jujube grows branches and leaves extremely quickly, so when planting, planting density must first be determined according to the growth habits of winter jujube and the soil fertility conditions. The general planting density is 3 m between rows, with plant spacing kept at about 2 m. Calculated at this density, 50-100 winter jujube trees can be planted per mu, and the planting density can also be increased or decreased according to actual conditions.
3. Reasonable fertilization
When fertilizing, many farmers, in order to save time and effort, adopt the method of applying enough base fertilizer at one time and not fertilizing later; or not applying base fertilizer and applying nitrogen fertilizer during the fruiting period; there is also topdressing in stages, but these fertilization methods are too one-sided and all are wrong. When fertilizing winter jujube, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium must be reasonably matched, and none can be missing. A bias toward nitrogen fertilizer can easily lead to excessive vegetative growth of the plant and easily delay flowering and fruiting; a bias toward phosphorus fertilizer makes the leaves thick and the plant overly dense, and the nodes easily age; a bias toward potassium fertilizer leads to narrow, small, dark and thick leaves, making it difficult to sprout new branches, which is unfavorable for crown renewal. Therefore, when fertilizing, the principle should be based mainly on base fertilizer and supplemented by topdressing. During the growing period, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers should be reasonably topdressed: in the early stage, mainly nitrogen fertilizer supplemented by phosphorus and potassium fertilizers; in the middle and late stages, mainly phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, reducing the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied.
4. Flowering period management
Flowering period management of winter jujube is extremely important and is related to the fruit-setting rate and fruiting rate. The winter jujube plant is a tree species with many flowers, likes light and is drought-tolerant, and has relatively high requirements for temperature and humidity during the flowering period. If the flowering period is dry for a long time, the temperature is higher than 25 degrees, and the humidity is lower than 25%, pollen will not germinate and pollination will be poor. Therefore, during the flowering period, watering should be done several times to maintain soil moisture, and humidity should also be controlled. The flowering period is also a time of high incidence of insect pests. At this time, jujube gall midge, green plant bug, stink bug, scarab beetle, fruit borer and others will all harm the planting and damage flowers and fruits, so pesticides should be applied in time to control insect pests.
The above are the precautions for growing winter jujube. I hope it can help you. To learn more related knowledge, please follow us.