Detailed Explanation of Key Techniques for Pistachio Orchard Management
The pistachio is a very well-known nut with a delicious taste, loved by many people. In fact, pistachios need to be planted by us in large quantities; the pistachio is actually the kernel of a tree called the pistachio tree (Pistacia vera). Pistachios can not only be processed into kernels, but are now also used in various aspects such as food and medicine. It is a fruit tree with relatively high planting benefits, so how should we manage it when planting? Let's take a look below!
1. Fertilizer and Water Management
Pistachios need a relatively large amount of fertilizer. A base fertilizer should be applied once a year, with the amount appropriately controlled according to the number of fruit trees. The number of topdressings each year must not be less than three times. For the first water-and-fertilizer application in early spring, the fertilizer should mainly be nitrogen fertilizer, with the purpose of promoting tree growth and improving nutrient absorption. Then, during the fruit expansion period, nitrogen-potassium fertilizer is applied. Finally, after harvesting is completed, because most of the tree's nutrients are concentrated in the fruit. After the fruit is harvested, nutrients are seriously lacking, so at this time the tree's nutrients need to be replenished, mainly with farmyard manure, carried out together with deep plowing.
2. Shaping and Pruning
The pistachio is a fruit tree with a relatively high demand for light. During the planting process, appropriate shaping and pruning should be carried out according to tree vigor and tree shape. According to the degree of light demand and the growth stage, all branches such as those growing too densely, water sprouts, and weak-growing ones should be cut off. This can not only reduce nutrient consumption, but also enhance the permeability between fruit trees. When shaping and pruning, more thinning cuts should be carried out, reducing the method of directly cutting off branches. When new shoots grow to about 55 cm, the new shoots should be pinched in time to promote the growth of secondary shoots and increase the number of fruiting branches.
3. Cultivation and Weeding
Cultivation and weeding is a necessary task in the process of planting pistachios. Each year, cultivation and weeding should be carried out at least three times according to the soil and weed growth conditions. The first time is roughly before the Start of Summer (Lixia), because this period is a rapid growth period for weeds and also a stage when pistachio growth speeds up. Cultivation and weeding can promote root penetration and nutrient absorption. Then the second time is carried out around the Mid-Autumn Festival to prevent weeds from competing with the fruit trees for nutrients and water. The last time is carried out before harvest, leveling the orchard to facilitate harvesting.
4. Flower and Fruit Management
Orchard management of pistachios is very important. When carrying out orchard management, the goal should be to strengthen tree vigor and promote flowering and fruiting, and increase the application of organic fertilizer. The success rate of natural pollination of fruit trees is relatively low, and the fruit-setting rate is also not high, so we need to carry out artificial pollination to improve the pollination and fertilization rate and fruit-setting rate of pistachios. Creating a good environment for the pollination of fruit trees and plant growth is important; if left to natural pollination, the yield cannot be controlled, which will have a certain impact on one's own economic interests.
The above are the orchard management methods for pistachio planting. In fact, there is another very important one that we also need to pay special attention to. That is the prevention and control of pests and diseases. The editor has emphasized the prevention and control of pests and diseases in every article, because they can indeed have a very large impact on the plants. I hope everyone will plant them, otherwise the yield will decrease, which brings no benefit at all to yourself. That's all for today's introduction. This article is for reference only. Thank you all for reading and supporting.