Detailed Explanation of Key Techniques for High-Yield Strawberry Cultivation
The strawberry is a perennial herbaceous fruit that is widely cultivated in China. It contains very rich nutrition, and its variety and range of vitamins are almost the highest among all fruits, earning it the title of “Queen of Fruits.” Regularly eating strawberries has a strong protective effect on eyesight, and can also promote the body's digestive ability and prevent constipation. Therefore, the market price of strawberries remains high, and everyone who grows strawberries wants a high yield, so how should you plant them to achieve high yield? Let's take a look below!
1. Site Selection
Strawberries are not suitable for planting in low-lying areas with uneven, pitted ground. Soil with strong drainage and irrigation capacity, that is fertile and loose, with good fertilizer and water retention and good permeability, is most suitable for strawberry cultivation. Strawberries are suited to growing in slightly acidic or neutral soil; overly alkaline soil will hinder strawberry development. For the previous crop in the soil, try to choose legume or melon crops.
2. Soil Preparation
After choosing the site, all weeds in the field must be cleared out completely, then carry out soil preparation and disinfection. After 3-5 days of sun exposure, apply sufficient farmyard manure. The amount of base fertilizer is determined by the land area, generally 5000 kg/mu, then mix in a small amount of superphosphate and potassium chloride. After applying the base fertilizer, plow again to mix the base fertilizer evenly with the soil to improve soil fertility. Finally, make the beds properly to facilitate strawberry growth and later management.
3. Planting
The planting method will have a great influence on the later growth and management of strawberries. When planting, make sure that the flower cluster growth direction of each plant is consistent, and the number planted per hole must not exceed one. Master the planting depth well; it must not be too shallow or too deep. Reasonably control the planting density; the planting density depends on the planting area and the degree of soil fertility, and it should not be too dense or too sparse.
4. Watering
Strawberries like water. After planting, water thoroughly to settle the roots, then water about once every 5-7 days to ensure the soil does not become dry. During the growth process, ensure sufficient water to promote plant growth. When strawberries are in the flowering stage, this is a period with a relatively large water demand. If water is not supplied in time, serious flower and fruit drop will occur in later growth, reducing yield.
5. Topdressing
Strawberries require a relatively large amount of nutrients for growth, especially during the flowering and fruiting stage and before it, so we need to apply sufficient base fertilizer. Then during growth, topdress appropriately according to the actual situation; for example, the flowering and fruiting stage, the fruit expansion stage, and the final ripening stage are all peak periods of fertilizer demand. We can appropriately topdress with fertilizers such as diammonium phosphate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate to increase yield. When topdressing, ensure comprehensive nutrition and a reasonable mixing ratio, so as to effectively promote growth.
6. Temperature
The strawberry is a temperature-loving fruit and is relatively sensitive to temperature changes. During cultivation, we should reasonably control the growing temperature around the strawberries. Strengthen temperature management. The most suitable temperature for strawberry growth is around 22-25 degrees; beyond the range of 5-30 degrees, strawberry growth will be greatly hindered. Therefore, we must keep the surrounding temperature balanced so that strawberries can grow better.
7. Management
Frequently patrol the orchard, promptly remove old leaves, dead leaves, and diseased leaves, clean up fallen flowers and fruits and some diseased fruits, and take them out of the orchard in a centralized manner for disposal. Control plant growth to prevent excessive vegetative growth. Do a good job of drainage and irrigation in the orchard: water in time during drought, and prevent water accumulation in the orchard on rainy days. Minimize the humidity in the orchard to prevent root rot and fruit rot, which affect yield.
The above is a brief introduction to high-yield cultivation techniques. In fact, part of it is also the aspects of management that we need to strengthen in cultivation. It is not only these; we should also do a good job in pest and disease prevention and control, as pests and diseases pose the greatest harm to strawberry yield. For example, leaf spot disease and anthracnose are relatively common diseases. I hope everyone can pay attention to them with a certain degree of patience, so as to effectively increase yield and maximize your own economic benefits.