How to Grow Winter Jujube Well? Detailed Explanation of Key Planting Techniques
Winter jujube is actually a late-maturing jujube tree. Its growth cycle is relatively long; it is generally planted in spring and the fruit does not mature until winter. Winter jujube also has an excellent taste, crisp and sweet, and its nutritional value is relatively high. It is also a very popular fruit in our daily lives. So how is winter jujube grown? How can winter jujube be grown better? Let's take a look together.
1. Select Good Varieties
If you want to grow winter jujube with high yield and high quality, then the selection of winter jujube varieties is the most basic condition. There are now many winter jujube varieties, and each variety has its own advantages, with relatively strong adaptability to the environment. However, planting different varieties in different regions will also lead to certain differences in yield and quality. Therefore, we generally choose high-quality varieties for planting according to the local planting environment, climate conditions, and market conditions.
2. Land Preparation and Fertilization
Winter jujube is suitable for planting in flat terrain with sufficient sunlight, soil with sufficient fertility and organic matter content, and soil close to water sources, with unpolluted water quality, a complete drainage and irrigation system, and no pollution. Land preparation can usually be done by full reclamation or hole reclamation. What should be noted is that during land preparation, deep plowing must be carried out. Machines can be used for land preparation, so that impurities in the field will be cleaned out more thoroughly. Then dig holes, pour sufficient farmyard manure into the holes, cover with a layer of fine soil about five cm thick, and finally wait for planting.
3. Reasonable Close Planting
Because the branches and leaves of winter jujube trees grow relatively quickly, the planting density needs to be planned well when planting. Generally, the specific density is determined according to the growth characteristics of winter jujube trees and the fertility of the soil at the planting site. Usually, we adopt a row spacing of about three m to four m and a plant spacing of about two m to three m for planting. According to this spacing, about fifty-five to one hundred and ten winter jujube trees can be planted per mu.
4. Scientific Management
The management of winter jujube trees is mainly carried out according to the seasons. Newly planted winter jujube trees in spring are relatively fragile, so after planting, a layer of film can be covered to keep them warm. At the same time, if necessary, the trunks can be whitewashed, which can improve the survival rate of winter jujube trees. Next is management according to the growth period of winter jujube trees. Generally, water once after planting, and then wait until August or September in autumn to water again. At the same time, we need to fertilize according to the growth condition of the winter jujube trees. We must not apply too much nitrogen fertilizer. Nitrogen fertilizer is generally only used at the young tree stage and every spring to promote the growth of branches and leaves. At other times, organic fertilizer is mainly used, along with an appropriate amount of phosphate fertilizer and potassium fertilizer. During the flowering and fruiting periods, some foliar fertilizer can also be sprayed appropriately. Finally, what also needs attention is to prune and shape the branches and leaves of the fruit trees irregularly to ensure field ventilation and ensure the yield and quality of winter jujube.
5. Timely Harvesting
At present, winter jujube in our country is mainly produced in Shandong, Henan, and Hebei, and many places have now gradually succeeded in trial planting. As the name suggests, winter jujube is a jujube eaten in winter, so its harvesting time is generally from September to October each year. When picking, note that the standard for maturity is generally fruits whose winter jujube parts have turned red, and harvesting needs to be carried out in batches.