What are the precautions for banana cultivation? Keep these key points in mind
Bananas are a very common fruit in our daily lives. Their flesh is very soft and glutinous, and they are rich in nutrients. Eating bananas regularly can effectively prevent high blood pressure, and they have a good soothing effect on the brain and nerves. At the same time, they can treat diseases such as constipation and gastric ulcers, but people who are trying to lose weight should still eat fewer of them, as they can cause weight gain. Today we will mainly study the precautions for banana cultivation. Let's take a look together.
1. Time
The reason we need to pay attention to the planting time of bananas is that bananas are a warmth-loving plant, suitable for planting in places that are relatively warm throughout the four seasons, so their planting time is basically related to temperature. The temperature suitable for banana planting is usually around 20 to 35 degrees, and the most suitable temperature for banana growth is around 25 to 30 degrees, so the best planting times are the two periods of March to April and August to September each year. The season least suitable for planting bananas is winter, so never plant in winter.
2. Density
Banana yield has a great relationship with planting density. If the planting density is too low, then the land is not fully utilized, but if the density is too high, the banana yield will also not be high. Therefore, we should carry out reasonable density planning according to the growth habits of bananas and the fertility level of the soil. In soil with sufficient fertility, planting is usually carried out with a row spacing of 3 m and a plant spacing of about 2.8 m, while in relatively barren soil, the row spacing is generally 2.5 m and the plant spacing is about 1.5 m. On average, about 130 to 260 plants per mu is appropriate.
3. Fertilizer and water
Banana fertilization is mainly carried out according to the principles of frequent application of thin fertilizer and heavy application of base fertilizer. For young banana trees, we usually need to fertilize about once every week, mainly with nitrogen-potassium fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer, while adult banana trees only need to be fertilized three to four times a year, mainly also with nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, and potassium fertilizer, with the fertilizer ratio following the principle of 1:1:4. However, it is also necessary to appropriately apply fruit fertilizer and manure ash, so that the banana trees will grow better, and both yield and quality will be higher. As for water management, it can be carried out at the same time as fertilization each time. The amount of water each time should not be too large. Keeping the soil moisture at around 70% is sufficient. At the same time, excess water in the field should be drained in time, otherwise the plants are very prone to rot.
4. Soil
We all know that the banana tree is a relatively unique fruit tree. Its root system is relatively tender, so it is very easily damaged. Therefore, when choosing soil, you must be especially careful. It is best to use soil with good permeability, relatively loose texture, more organic matter, and preferably humus soil as the most suitable. Next, alluvial plains and other such places can be chosen for planting.
5. Wind force
The banana tree is relatively fragile, and the harm caused by wind force to it is also relatively great. Therefore, when choosing a planting site, we should choose a leeward place as much as possible, or a place where wind can be avoided, so that the problem of wind damage to bananas can be fundamentally solved. But if conditions do not allow it, then we need to build windbreaks around it, which can effectively prevent wind damage.
6. Diseases
Although the banana tree is relatively fragile, its pests and diseases are still very few compared with other fruit trees. Usually, there are only occasional occurrences of black spot disease and black leaf spot disease. Both of these diseases mainly affect the branches and leaves of banana trees. We can prevent them by strengthening field density management and water and fertilizer management. When the disease occurs, Daconil 500-fold solution and Yinde 1000-fold spray can be used respectively for control.