Detailed Explanation of Key Points of Drip Irrigation Technology for Greenhouse Grapes
Drip irrigation is the most ideal watering technology for greenhouse grapes, offering advantages such as water saving, yield increase, temperature reduction, labor saving, and high efficiency. 1. Simple drip irrigation construction: Build a reservoir with a capacity of 3-5 cubic meters and a height of 1-3 m at the front of the greenhouse, install a gate valve and water meter at the reservoir outlet, and use 38 mm plastic pipe as the lateral pipe inside the greenhouse...
Drip irrigation is the most ideal watering technology for greenhouse grapes, offering advantages such as water saving, yield increase, temperature reduction, labor saving, and high efficiency.
1. Simple drip irrigation construction: Build a reservoir with a capacity of 3-5 cubic meters and a height of 1-3 m at the front of the greenhouse, install a gate valve and water meter at the reservoir outlet, and use 38 mm plastic pipe as the lateral pipe inside the greenhouse, connected to the reservoir outlet pipe. There are two arrangement forms for branch pipes and lateral pipes:
1. Lay lateral pipes along the length of the greenhouse: At the greenhouse entrance, use 25 mm plastic pipe as a branch pipe connected perpendicularly to the lateral pipe, and install a gate valve on the branch pipe; inside the greenhouse, parallel to the lateral pipe and perpendicular to the branch pipe, install 1 plastic pipe with a diameter of 15-20 mm and a length equal to the greenhouse length at every 1 m interval, with plastic thin tubes with a hole spacing of 35 cm and a hole diameter of 1.0-1.3 mm punctured in the pipe wall as lateral pipes, forming a simple drip irrigation network, cover the lateral pipes with plastic film, and plant vegetables along the film edges. The advantage of this arrangement is that it is easy to operate and convenient for management.
2. Lay lateral pipes along the width of the greenhouse: Use several porous plastic lateral pipes with a length 4 times the greenhouse width, connect the first end to the branch pipe on the side of the greenhouse, and arrange 4 runs in parallel with the greenhouse width in a curved layout, cover the pipes with plastic film, and plant vegetables along the film edges. The advantage of this arrangement is that the vegetables in the greenhouse receive sufficient sunlight, which is beneficial for growth and development.
2. Main characteristics of simple drip irrigation applied in greenhouse grapes:
1. Water saving: According to tests, the water utilization rate of simple drip irrigation reaches 95%-98%, saving 45% water compared with sprinkler irrigation and 60% compared with surface irrigation.
2. Low cost: Simple drip irrigation requires an investment of more than 500 yuan per 667 sq m (1 mu), which is 1/3 of the investment in grape micro-sprinkler technology.
3. Increasing greenhouse temperature: Using simple drip irrigation in a greenhouse increases the greenhouse temperature by about 5°C compared with flood irrigation, enabling grapes to reach the market about half a month earlier.
4. Easy clog removal: The water outlet lateral pipes of simple drip irrigation are placed on the ground surface, so clogging problems are easy to find, and local hole clogging can also be handled at any time.
5. Fertilizer saving: All the chemical fertilizer applied as topdressing to greenhouse vegetables is put into the reservoir and applied with water droplets to the soil layer in the crop root zone, avoiding fertilizer loss, leakage, and volatilization.