Pollution-free Disease and Pest Control Techniques for Muskmelon
The main pests harming melons include root maggots, mole crickets, cutworms, white grubs, leafminers, pumpkin beetles, aphids, and red spider mites, among others. (1) Root maggot: also called root maggot or melon maggot. It is the larva of the seed corn maggot. The body is about 5 mm long and maggot-shaped, damaging the young roots, young shoots, and tender stems of melon seedlings. Common control methods are as follows: ...
1 Physical ControlSet up yellow boards to trap and kill whiteflies and aphids. Apply yellow paint to cardboard measuring 100 cm x 20 cm, then coat with a layer of machine oil. Hang 30-40 boards per mu. When the boards are covered with whiteflies and aphids, apply another layer of machine oil. Use Aphidius gifuensis or seven-spotted ladybugs to control aphids. Spray with Wuyi mycin or "Nongkang 120" at 200 times dilution once every 7-10 days, for 2-3 consecutive sprays, to prevent and control multiple diseases. Promptly remove diseased plants and leaves by burning or deep burying, and spread lime for disinfection. Before transplanting, spray once with NS-83 resistance inducer at 100 times dilution, and spray 2-3 times during the growing period to prevent viral diseases. Spray 27% high ester film agent at 70-140 times dilution on leaf surfaces, once every 7-10 days, for 2-3 consecutive sprays, to prevent powdery mildew infection. Use 1.8% abamectin emulsifiable concentrate at 3000 times dilution to control whiteflies and red spider mites.
2 Chemical Control
In protected cultivation, priority should be given to dusting and fumigation methods. Spraying can also be used in dry and sunny weather. Pay attention to rotating pesticides and mixing them reasonably.
Powdery mildew. Spray with 20% triadimefon emulsifiable concentrate at 2000 times dilution or 15% triadimefon wettable powder at 1000-1500 times dilution, once every 15-20 days.
Downy mildew. Use 45% chlorothalonil smoke agent at 110-180 g per mu, divided into 5-6 spots, lit in the evening with the greenhouse closed overnight, fumigated once every 7 days, for 3 consecutive times. Use 5% chlorothalonil dust or 5% Kelu dust at 1 kg per mu, sprayed once every 6-7 days, for 3-4 consecutive sprays. Spray with 72% Kelu wettable powder at 800 times dilution, or 40% fosetyl-aluminum wettable powder at 250-300 times dilution, or 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder at 600 times dilution.
Gummy stem blight. Spray with 70% mancozeb wettable powder at 500 times dilution or 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder at 600 times dilution.
Sclerotinia rot. Dusting method is the same as for downy mildew control. Use 20% procymidone smoke agent at 100-200 g per mu, divided into 5-6 spots, lit in the evening, with the greenhouse closed overnight, fumigated once every 7 days, for 3 consecutive times. Spray with 50% procymidone wettable powder at 1500-2000 times dilution, or 50% iprodione wettable powder at 1500 times dilution.
Anthracnose. Fumigation method is the same as for sclerotinia rot control. Dusting method is the same as for downy mildew control. Spray with 80% carbendazim-thiram wettable powder at 800 times dilution, or 70% mancozeb at 500 times dilution, or 2% "Nongkang 120" at 200 times dilution, or 50% carbendazim wettable powder at 500-700 times dilution, once every 7-10 days, for 2-3 consecutive sprays.
Phytophthora blight. Spray with 72% Kelu wettable powder at 800 times dilution, or 72% Kekangling wettable powder at 800 times dilution, or 64% Sandofan M8 wettable powder at 400-500 times dilution, or 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder at 600 times dilution, once every 7-10 days, for 2-4 consecutive sprays.
Fusarium wilt. Drench roots with 60% copper hydroxide-fosetyl aluminum wettable powder at 350 times dilution, applying 100 mL of solution per plant, once every 10 days, for 2-3 consecutive treatments.
Bacterial leaf blight. Dusting method is the same as for downy mildew control. Spray with 72% agricultural streptomycin sulfate soluble powder or Xinzhi mycin at 4000-5000 times dilution.
Bacterial angular leaf spot. Spray with 50% copper succinate-glutarate wettable powder at 500 times dilution, or 60% copper hydroxide-fosetyl aluminum wettable powder at 500 times dilution, or 50% thiram wettable powder at 500 times dilution, or 72% agricultural streptomycin sulfate or Xinzhi mycin at 4000-5000 times dilution. Spray with 77% Kocide wettable powder at 600-800 times dilution.
Viral diseases. Spray with 20% Virus A wettable powder at 500 times dilution, or 15% Zhi Bing Ling emulsifiable concentrate at 1000 times dilution, or Kang Mei Ji No. 1 at 300 times dilution, once every 10 days, for 3-4 consecutive sprays.
Pumpkin beetle. Spray with 4.5% beta-cypermethrin at 1000 times dilution, or drench roots with 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate at 1500 times dilution or 90% trichlorfon crystals at 1500-2000 times dilution.