Main Disease Control Methods and Technical Key Points for Hami Melon
**The main diseases of Hami melon are Phytophthora rot and downy mildew, and powdery mildew. Bacterial leaf spot, gummy stem blight, viral disease and broomrape. The main control measures and pesticides are as follows: 1. Phytophthora rot (dead vines, wilt, rotten melons) (1) Select disease-resistant varieties (2) Use a middle furrow (15-20cm) with high beds (0....
**The main diseases of Hami melon are Phytophthora rot and downy mildew, and powdery mildew. Bacterial leaf spot, gummy stem blight, viral disease and broomrape. The main control measures and pesticides are as follows:
1. Phytophthora rot (dead vines, wilt, rotten melons)
(1) Select disease-resistant varieties
(2) Use a middle furrow (15-20cm) with high beds (0.4-05cm), sowing or transplanting roots at 0.08-0.1cm from the bed edge.
(3) Prohibit flood irrigation, continuous irrigation, cross irrigation and waterlogging; from June to July the water level should be 1/2-2/3 of the bed wall.
(4) Before or at the early stage of disease, drench roots with 500x solution of phosphoethyl aluminum zinc, Dexon, Thiram, Kemeixing, or metalaxyl, at 0.3-0.5 kg per plant, once every 7-10 days, for 2-3 drenchings.
2. Downy mildew (yellow spots, leaf blight, premature drying)
(1) Select disease-resistant varieties
(2) Ensure ventilation and light penetration for the vines, control watering, and reduce field humidity and condensation.
(3) When initial disease spots are found, promptly spray with 70% phosphoethyl aluminum zinc, 72% Kemeixing, 70% Baijuntong at 400x, or Kekangling, or Kelu at 600-800x solution.
3. Bacterial leaf spot (white spots, angular spots, rotten melons)
(1) Soak seeds in 55°C warm water for 20 minutes, or in 200x formalin (formaldehyde) solution for 2 hours, then rinse with clean water 2-3 times.
(2) Remove early diseased plants or diseased leaves.
(3) Before disease onset, spray with 50% DT at 500x, or 60% Baijuntong (DTM) at 600x, or 70% Dexon at 500x, or agricultural streptomycin, or Xinzhi streptomycin at 250ppm.
4. Powdery mildew
(1) Select disease-resistant varieties
(2) Spray with 15% or 20% triadimefon at 500-1000x, or 40% sulfur-carbendazim suspension at 1000x, or sulfur powder or crystalline lime-sulfur mixture, or Tilt for control.
5. Viral disease (small leaves, mosaic, deformed melons)
(1) Keep melon fields far from vegetable plots, avoid continuous cropping, use plastic film mulch, plastic tunnels, and early-maturing cultivation; strengthen water and fertilizer management at the seedling stage to promote early growth and development of Hami melon.
(2) Promptly remove early diseased plants.
(3) When aphids are found migrating in, spray with 20% fenvalerate at 3000x or 2.5% Decis at 2500x, then apply a 1:5 mixture of dimethoate or acephate to the stem base to kill aphids.
6. Broomrape
(1) Practice crop rotation; remove flower stems before broomrape blooms to prevent seed set and spread.
(2) Cut off above-ground flower stems, drip petroleum or scatter 5-16 grains of urea at the cut, or pour saturated salt water.
(3) Apply Dual and glyphosate aqueous solution (1:3:4) to broomrape plants.
The main pest control measures for Hami melon are as follows:
1. Mole crickets, wireworms, cutworms, etc.
Occurrence period is from mid-April to early May. Control method: before and after sowing, before covering with plastic film, dig a small pit between two sowing holes and scatter poisoned bait into it. Bait formula: to 100 kg of roasted bran, add 0.5 kg of trichlorfon, mix well with an appropriate amount of water.
2. Seed maggots, wireworms, flea beetles, thrips, etc.
Occurrence period is in May. Control method: spray 1000x solution of trichlorfon or dichlorvos on seedlings and around the root stems.
3. Aphids
Occurrence period is in mid-June. Control method: mix dimethoate or acephate emulsifiable concentrate, 1 part pesticide solution to 5 parts water, and use a brush or small row brush to apply the pesticide to about 10cm of the stem base of the melon vine.
4. Red spider mites
Occurrence period is from July to August. Control method: spray dimethoate emulsifiable concentrate at 800-1000x; 73% Kelmante emulsifiable concentrate at 1000x; lime-sulfur mixture Bordeaux 0.2-0.3. The above pesticides can be used alternately; stop applying pesticides 15 days before harvest; spray 20% triclosan acaricide at 800-1000x.