Detailed Explanation of Key Technical Points for Spring Management of Loquat
(1) Land preparation: When building a loquat orchard on flat land, planting trenches should be dug, generally 0.80-1.0 m wide and about 0.80 m deep, with the distance between planting trenches generally about 3 m, and the length of the planting trenches determined by the size of the orchard plot or the length of the slope. When digging the trenches, place the topsoil and subsoil separately, with the topsoil placed on the upper edge; when backfilling, backfill the topsoil first, and divide it into 3-...
Spring is the growing period for loquat young fruit growth and spring shoot sprouting. Good spring management of loquat is an important guarantee for a bumper loquat harvest that year. According to the actual conditions of our county, the following aspects of work need to be done well.I. Applying Spring Fertilizer
Fertilization time: from late February to early March; fertilizer amount: accounting for 20%-30% of the annual fertilization amount, mainly decomposed organic fertilizer and high-quality special fruit tree fertilizer; fertilization method: dig trenches outside the drip line of the canopy, with a depth of 25 cm, a width of 30 cm, and a length of 50 cm, and backfill soil to cover after the manure liquid has been absorbed and dried.
II. Pest and Disease Control
In late March, loquat leaf spot disease, anthracnose, yellow hairy caterpillar, and others begin to occur. During the spring shoot budding and leaf expansion period, use 1:1:100 Bordeaux mixture or 50% carbendazim 800-fold solution or 70% thiophanate 1000-fold solution and 2.5% decamethrin 2000-fold solution for spray control.
III. Fruit Thinning and Bagging
1. Fruit thinning: generally carried out from late February to mid-March. First remove diseased and insect-damaged fruit, deformed fruit, damaged fruit, small fruit, and overly dense fruit, keeping healthy fruit of uniform size, and determine the number of fruit to retain according to tree vigor, variety characteristics, and fertilization level. Generally, large-fruit varieties should retain 2-3 fruit per panicle, medium-sized varieties should retain 4-6 fruit per panicle, and small-fruit varieties should retain 7-10 fruit per panicle.
2. Bagging: after fruit thinning, when the diameter of loquat young fruit is 1-2 cm, use 70% thiophanate 1000-fold plus 10% imidacloprid 1000-1500-fold or 65% zineb 600-fold plus 20% fenvalerate 4500-fold mixed application, and bag after the solution dries. Paper bags can be made from kraft paper or newspaper into bags of 25×25 or 30×25 cm specifications, or special paper bags made by manufacturers after chemical treatment can be used.