What are the key management techniques for peach trees after harvest?
How should peach trees generally be managed after harvest? After fruit harvest, peach trees still have a long growth period before leaf fall in autumn, which is a critical time for nutrient accumulation and flower bud differentiation. The quality of management will directly affect the trees' overwintering and fruit set the following year. Therefore, management after peach harvest cannot be relaxed. Main technical measures: ...
How should peach trees generally be managed after harvest?
After fruit harvest, peach trees still have a long growth period before leaf fall in autumn, which is a critical time for nutrient accumulation and flower bud differentiation. The quality of management will directly affect the trees' overwintering and fruit set the following year. Therefore, management after peach harvest cannot be relaxed. Main technical measures:
I. Scientific fertilization to enhance tree vigor
After fruit harvest, fertilize in combination with tillage and weeding in the orchard. For peach trees that bear many fruits and consume large amounts of nutrients, apply fertilizer early and heavily. Generally, apply 30-40 kg of human manure or barnyard manure, 0.3 kg of urea, or 0.5 kg of ammonium bicarbonate per tree. Apply fertilizer by the ring or radial method, at a depth of about 50 cm.
II. Spray pesticides to control "return-migrating aphids"
From after peach fruit harvest to early autumn, warm and humid weather favors pest invasion. In particular, winged aphids, red spider mites, and others from nearby vegetable gardens and corn fields will successively migrate back to peach trees to mate, lay eggs, and overwinter. Adults and nymph aphids gather on the underside of peach leaves to pierce and suck sap, causing leaves to turn yellow and curl, seriously affecting peach tree growth. Therefore, pesticides should be sprayed in stages after fruit harvest and in early autumn to control pests. You can spray 5% carbendazim at 800 times dilution or 5% captan wettable powder at 50 times dilution, etc.
III. Pruning to promote balance
Peach branches grow multiple times a year, which easily makes the canopy dense, hinders ventilation and light penetration, and affects flower bud formation. Therefore, remove crossing branches, overlapping branches, diseased and pest-infested branches, thin and weak branches, and water sprouts in crowded areas within the canopy. For bare areas, ring-barking can be used to promote new branch growth and fill the space.
IV. Clearing and disinfecting the orchard
In combination with pruning, clean up the peach orchard. Burn the removed material far away from the orchard, and never bury it under the trees. At the same time, spread 50-60 kg of lime per mu on the ground to disinfect and sterilize the soil. You can also spray the main trunk and main branches with "1 degree Baume lime sulfur mixture" at 500-800 times dilution, which helps prevent disease and eliminate pests.
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