What are the precautions for cherry cultivation?
What should be noted in cherry cultivation? Asking for advice. As the saying goes: cherries are delicious but the tree is hard to grow. The difficulty of growing the tree is mainly determined by the characteristics of the cherry root system. The cherry root system is very shallow, so it is very afraid of drought; the root respiration intensity is relatively high, requiring more oxygen than other fruit trees, and it is most afraid of waterlogging. If water accumulates for even a slightly long time during the rainy season, it will affect root respiration, causing yellow leaves in mild cases and death in severe cases. If you want to plant cherries successfully and grow them well, you must do a good job in site establishment, planting, and subsequent water management.
What should be noted in cherry cultivation? Asking for advice.
As the saying goes: cherries are delicious but the tree is hard to grow. The difficulty of growing the tree is mainly determined by the characteristics of the cherry root system. The cherry root system is very shallow, so it is very afraid of drought; the root respiration intensity is relatively high, requiring more oxygen than other fruit trees, and it is most afraid of waterlogging. If water accumulates for even a slightly long time during the rainy season, it will affect root respiration, causing yellow leaves in mild cases and death in severe cases. If you want to plant cherries successfully and grow them well, you must do a good job in site establishment, planting, and subsequent water management.
I. Site selection. Choose a plot with high terrain, where water does not easily accumulate, and with a low groundwater table, with neutral or slightly acidic sandy loam soil that is deep and has good permeability. If the soil quality is poor, deep plowing should be carried out before establishing the orchard, and soil improvement measures such as increasing the application of organic fertilizer should be taken, because cherries have very high requirements for ecological conditions. A deep active soil layer and relatively strong soil fertility are what enable the cherry root system to develop well, the tree vigor to be strong, the stress resistance to be strong, and the fruit quality and yield to be high. This is especially true for the soil in the root zone, which is very difficult to improve after planting and orchard establishment.
II. Irrigation and drainage design. There must be good irrigation and drainage facilities around the orchard to ensure timely watering during drought and timely drainage to prevent waterlogging during the rainy season. For newly built orchards, the main ditches and branch ditches should be scientifically designed. For orchards built on plains or large plots, it is best to plant on ridges so that the ridge furrows can be used for irrigation and drainage. Watering through ridge furrows seeps laterally to the roots and can also avoid soil compaction around the roots after watering, which is conducive to seedling recovery and root development.
III. Scientific planting
1. Planting time: Cherries are best planted in autumn, because northern regions have spring drought, and traditional spring planting increases the difficulty of water management. Moreover, if spring planting is too early, the temperature is unstable and the plants are prone to cold damage; if spring planting is too late, buds sprout quickly while roots grow slowly, which can cause seedling death. Autumn planting allows seedling recovery and bud growth in the same season, and early budding and branch growth in the following spring, making it easy to form strong seedlings. After autumn planting, before the soil freezes, soil should be mounded up to prevent freezing.
2. Planting method: The "small hole, deep planting, shallow burying method" should be adopted. The traditional fruit tree cultivation method of digging large holes is not suitable for cherries, because cherry roots are shallow and cannot tolerate waterlogging. If cultivated in large holes, the soil in the holes is looser than the soil around the holes, which easily causes internal waterlogging during the rainy season and can lead to seedling death in severe cases. The "small hole, deep planting, shallow burying method" means digging out three or four shovel-loads of soil, applying two shovel-loads of mixed manure, turning over the soil at the edge of the hole and mixing it evenly with the mixed manure in the hole, then placing the seedling (choose a thick and strong seedling with well-developed roots), covering with a layer of shallow soil just enough to bury the original soil mark at the roots. Then press the soil slightly firm so that the root crown is about 15 cm below the ground surface, forming a small tree hollow under the seedling. In this way, "deep planting" lowers the center of gravity of the seedling and helps resist lodging, while "shallow burying" helps root respiration and enables the seedling to recover quickly and grow well.
3. Water management. After planting, water frequently, but avoid heavy watering. Combine this with the weather: during drought, water often with a small amount; during waterlogging, actively drain water, keeping the soil surface in the root zone alternating between dry and moist.
Click to get more cherry planting techniques
Click to get more fruit planting techniques