What are the key technical points for jujube orchard management in summer?
How is summer jujube orchard management carried out? Please introduce. Summer jujube orchard management can be carried out with reference to the following methods: 1. Topdressing. Jujube trees are generally topdressed twice, namely the pre-flowering fertilizer and the young fruit fertilizer. The purpose of the pre-flowering fertilizer is to promote the rapid growth of new shoots and young fruit and to increase the fruit-setting rate, so more nitrogen fertilizer should be applied, generally before the jujube trees bloom...
How is summer jujube orchard management carried out? Please introduce
Summer jujube orchard management can be carried out with reference to the following methods:
1. Topdressing. Jujube trees are generally topdressed twice, namely the pre-flowering fertilizer and the young fruit fertilizer. The purpose of the pre-flowering fertilizer is to promote the rapid growth of new shoots and young fruit and to increase the fruit-setting rate, so more nitrogen fertilizer should be applied; generally, before the jujube trees bloom, about 0.5 kg of urea is applied per tree. The purpose of the young fruit fertilizer is to promote the rapid expansion and weight gain of the fruit and to improve quality and sugar content, so more phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be applied; during the young fruit stage, about 1 kg of ternary compound fertilizer is applied per tree. In addition, foliar feeding should be done well, that is, spraying a 0.5% urea and 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution before flowering and during the young fruit stage, and spraying a 0.3% borax solution during the flowering stage, which can significantly increase the fruit-setting rate.
2. Watering. Jujube trees need sufficient water in the early growth stage, especially during the flowering and young fruit stages when water cannot be lacking. According to weather conditions, water well twice. Watering during the flowering stage can increase air humidity, which is beneficial to pollination and fertilization and increases the fruit-setting rate. Watering during the young fruit stage can prevent the fruit from wilting and dropping and promote the growth and development of young fruit.
3. Summer pruning
1. Girdling. It can reduce flower and fruit drop, increase the fruit-setting rate, promote fruit enlargement, improve fruit quality, and promote fruit ripening. Generally, only trees over ten years old whose canopy has basically formed can be girdled. Girdling too early will inhibit further expansion of the canopy or cause premature aging.
The best time for girdling is the early full-bloom stage, and it should be done every other year. The specific method is: the first time, on the main trunk 30 cm above the ground, first scrape off a ring of old bark about 1 cm wide, then carry out girdling. Girdling should follow the principle of "heavy girdling for strong trees, light girdling for weak trees." For strong trees, the girdling cut is generally 0.6-0.7 cm wide, and for weak trees 0.3-0.4 cm. After one year, girdle again 3-5 cm above the previous girdling site, and gradually move upward along the main trunk in turn. For overly weak trees, do not girdle again until the tree vigor recovers. Note that girdling should be done on sunny days, with the girdling cut wider on the outside and narrower on the inside. One week after girdling, apply insecticide and wrap with plastic film. Girdling must be combined with strengthened water and fertilizer management, otherwise it will affect tree growth.
2. Branch thinning. Before flowering, promptly thin out overly dense branches and upright water sprouts. During the girdling period, thin out weak and empty fruiting spurs on the jujube spurs.
3. Pinching and bud removal. It can raise the nutritional level of branches, ease the contradiction between new shoot growth and fruiting, and the yield-increasing effect is obvious. Tip pruning is generally carried out during the flowering stage. For jujube heads produced in spring, leave 3-5 secondary branches and cut them back, and also pinch the secondary branches. When the fruit enters the young fruit stage, pinch off any tips seen; for useless young buds sprouting on backbone branches at all levels, remove any buds seen, so as to save nutrients, improve light, and increase the fruit-setting rate.
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