How to fertilize lychee trees properly? A detailed guide to scientific fertilization methods
How to fertilize lychee trees properly? When should which fertilizers be applied? For lychee fertilization, you can refer to the following methods: 1. Fertilization problems and fertilization principles. In view of the common problems in lychee orchards, such as widespread soil acidification, poor fertilizer and water retention capacity, widespread deficiency of magnesium, boron, calcium and molybdenum, unscientific fertilization rates, unreasonable fertilizer ratios, and foliar...
How to fertilize lychee trees properly? When should which fertilizers be applied?
For lychee fertilization, you can refer to the following methods:
1. Fertilization problems and fertilization principles
In view of the common problems in lychee orchards, such as widespread soil acidification, poor fertilizer and water retention capacity, widespread deficiency of magnesium, boron, calcium and molybdenum, unscientific fertilization rates, unreasonable fertilizer ratios, and indiscriminate use of foliar fertilizers with poor targeting, the following fertilization principles are proposed:
(1) Attach importance to the application of organic fertilizers, fertilize according to the growth stage, reasonably match nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, and adjust the fertilization plan according to factors such as lychee variety, growth vigor and climate.
(2) For orchards with strongly acidic soil, apply an appropriate amount of lime and calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer to adjust soil acidity and alkalinity and supplement the corresponding nutrients.
(3) Adopt suitable fertilization methods and apply medium and trace element fertilizers in a targeted manner.
(4) Combine fertilization with other management measures, for example, using drip and sprinkler irrigation for fertilization.
2. Fertilization rates and methods
(1) Trees in full bearing period (about 50 kg yield per tree): apply 10-20 kg of organic fertilizer per tree, nitrogen fertilizer (N) 0.75-1.0 kg, phosphate fertilizer (P2O5) 0.25-0.3 kg/mu, potassium fertilizer (K2O) 0.8-1.1 kg, calcium fertilizer (Ca) 0.25-0.35 kg, magnesium fertilizer (Mg) 0.07-0.09 kg.
(2) Young trees that have not yet fruited or trees with few fruits: apply 5-10 kg of organic fertilizer per tree, nitrogen fertilizer (N) 0.4-0.6 kg, phosphate fertilizer (P2O5) 0.1-0.15 kg, potassium fertilizer (K2O) 0.3-0.5 kg.
Fertilizer is applied in 3-4 split applications after harvest, before flowering, after flower drop and during fruit enlargement. Depending on the growth vigor of the lychee tree, the pre-flowering and post-flower-drop fertilizers can be combined, or the post-flower-drop fertilizer and fruit-enlargement fertilizer can be combined. The application proportions of nitrogen fertilizer in the above four growth stages are 45%, 10%, 20% and 35%. Phosphate fertilizer can be applied once after harvest or split into two applications after harvest and before flowering. The application proportions of potassium, calcium and magnesium fertilizers are 30%, 10%, 20% and 40%.
For orchards deficient in boron and molybdenum, spray 0.2% borax + 0.05% ammonium molybdate before flowering, after flower drop and during fruit enlargement; for orchards with pH 5.0, apply 100 kg of lime per mu, 5.0.
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