What are the methods for summer pruning of peach trees?
How many methods are there for summer pruning of peach trees? Please give an introduction. The main methods for summer pruning of peach trees are as follows for reference: 1. Bud removal. Timely remove or cut off the suckers on the trunk, the shaping zone of the main branches, and within 15 cm of the base of the main branches, as well as the tender buds and tender shoots that grow alongside or overlap with the main branches, so as not to affect the growth of the scaffold branches. 2....
How many methods are there for summer pruning of peach trees? Please give an introduction.
The main methods for summer pruning of peach trees are as follows for reference:
1. Bud removal. Timely remove or cut off the suckers on the trunk, the shaping zone of the main branches, and within 15 cm of the base of the main branches, as well as the tender buds and tender shoots that grow alongside or overlap with the main branches, so as not to affect the growth of the scaffold branches.
2. Pinching. When a new shoot grows to 30 cm long, pinch off the tender tip so that it temporarily stops extending forward, forcing nutrients to turn to the lateral buds, stimulating sprouting and shoot growth, and lowering the branching position. In this way, it not only controls excessive growth and avoids the formation of "long-handled umbrella" branches, but also creates conditions for cultivating fruiting branches, and can also promote fruit development and flower bud distribution. When pinching and cutting shoots, leave a length of 30 cm; it must not be too long or too short. If too long, the bare section at the lower part will be long; if too short, it easily stimulates a large number of shoots to sprout from the lower buds. Do not pinch shoots less than 30 cm long, and do not pinch those that have already capped and stopped growing.
3. Shoot cutting. For new shoots that are too dense, improperly positioned, or not pinched in time, thin them out or cut them back to a length of 30 cm, so as to adjust the vigor, angle, and orientation of the scaffold branches, control water sprouts and competing branches, and reduce ineffective growth, thereby achieving the goals of suppressing the strong and supporting the weak, filling the inner canopy, and balancing tree vigor.
4. Branch bending. For upright, strong, and vigorous new shoots, at 10-15 cm from the base, use the left hand to hold the lower part and the right hand to hold the upper part and gently knead it. After the wood becomes supple, bend the upper end toward an open space, making it horizontal, slanted, or drooping. By changing the direction of branch growth to ease the apical dominance, flower buds form on the upper part and secondary shoots sprout on the lower part, creating conditions for cultivating fruiting branch groups. However, when kneading, the force should be light and even, and must never be too sudden or too heavy. Try to avoid breaking the wood or rubbing the outer bark, which causes gumming and weakens tree vigor.
5. Opening the angle and balancing tree vigor. For varieties with an upright growth habit and small main branch angles, use methods such as propping, pulling, backing, and weighting to open the angle. If the extension orientation of the main branches is unreasonable, use the methods of "backing branches" or "rotating the main branch and replacing the head" to adjust. If the vigor of the main branches is unbalanced, use the method of less renewal, more flower buds, and more fruiting on strong branches to reduce branching and inhibit vegetative growth, and use the method of more renewal, fewer flower buds, and less fruiting on weak branches to promote more branching and enhance vegetative growth, so as to achieve balance year by year.
6. Spraying growth regulators. From late May to June and in early August, spray 200-300 times diluted PBO growth promoter-controller solution on vigorously growing fruiting trees, and note not to water within one week after spraying. This not only controls excessive growth and promotes flower bud formation, but also promotes fruit growth and prevents fruit cracking. For trees that have not fruited, spray 200 times diluted paclobutrazol solution to inhibit excessive growth of new shoots and promote flower bud formation.
During summer pruning of peach trees, do not perform girdling or scoring, otherwise it will cause gumming at the wounds.
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