What are the common avocado diseases? A full analysis of prevention and control methods
Avocado is a deciduous tree distributed across various tropical regions. It contains very rich fats and is a relatively important oil crop, widely used to make butter and soap. In addition to these industrial products, avocado also contains extremely rich nutrients, such as protein and vitamins. It has a series of effects including anti-aging and breast enhancement and beauty, attracting a large number of people to grow it. But do you know what diseases can occur during the growing process? How should these diseases be prevented and controlled? Let's take a look!
1. Spot disease
Disease characteristics: Spot disease poses the greatest threat to leaves and branches, forming many blighted spots on the surface, making them look as if they lack water, with the epidermis drying and cracking. The cracked seams may also allow anthracnose virus to invade. In the early stage of leaf infection, spots of varying sizes appear, and later they change color. In severe cases, the leaves and branches become completely covered with blotches, affecting growth and development and reducing yield.
⟧ Prevention and control methods: Treatment of spot disease is mainly based on prevention. After onset, agents such as azoxystrobin can be sprayed on the affected areas, which can effectively inhibit the spread of the disease.
2. Small cavity shell fruit rot
Disease characteristics: Fruit rot mainly harms the fruit as well, beginning to develop during the mature stage and impossible to notice without careful observation. After harvest, the fruit will show obvious changes, with irregular-shaped blotches beginning to appear on the peel, slowly invading the flesh and the stem end. Later, a foul-smelling brown liquid flows from the diseased spots, causing the entire fruit to rot and become worthless.
Prevention and control methods: Its prevention and control methods are almost the same as the next two. The main approach is still to strengthen orchard management and remove things that do not belong in the orchard and are not conducive to the growth of the fruit trees. For example, diseased and residual branches, diseased leaves and fruits, etc. The harvest time should not be chosen during rainy weather, so as to enhance the resistance of the fruit trees and reduce the incidence of disease.
3. Scab
Disease characteristics: Scab mainly harms the fruit. In the early stage of infection, irregular brown slightly raised lesions appear on the fruit surface, and later they gradually extend, with the blotches gradually joining together to form entire patches. Although it has no effect on the taste and quality of the avocado, it seriously affects its appearance and reduces its commercial value. It mainly occurs during the young fruit stage of avocado, and the incidence is highest in low-temperature and humid environments.
Prevention and control methods: Disinfect the orchard regularly and prune away useless branches such as leggy branches and diseased branches. To eliminate pathogens in the orchard, copper-based agents such as Bordeaux mixture can be sprayed for prevention and control.
4. Anthracnose
Disease characteristics: Anthracnose mainly harms avocado fruit, and occasionally poses a certain threat to leaves and flowers as well. In the early stage of fruit infection, roundish lesions appear, slightly sunken. If not treated in time, the lesions will rapidly extend and expand, and then all the lesions will connect. In the later stage, it causes fruit drop and rot.
Prevention and control methods: Promptly clean up fallen dead branches, diseased and residual branches, and diseased leaves and fruits in the orchard to reduce pathogens and lower the infection rate and incidence. Avocado has relatively weak resistance, so after harvest, attention should also be paid to low-temperature storage and transportation. Prevent the occurrence of other diseases and reduce damage.
The above four are the diseases that often occur when growing avocados. Their prevention and control methods are actually all similar, mainly based on prevention and promptly cleaning up harmful substances in the orchard. Do a good job of orchard clearing in winter, spray the whole orchard with agents, eliminate overwintering pathogens, and reduce the disease incidence of the fruit trees the following year. To learn more related information, please continue to follow Qinnong Network!