How to grow Kyoho grapes to improve quality
After Kyoho grapes were introduced to China in 1995, the quality of Kyoho grapes has been on a downward trend since 2003. Some ripen poorly, some have poor berry enlargement, poor coloring, and so on. Some even wither directly, and the fruit rots and deteriorates, which severely reduces the quality of Kyoho grapes and has a relatively large impact on their market competitiveness. So how to improve the quality of Kyoho grapes is the primary goal now. Today, the editor brings you methods for improving the quality of Kyoho grapes.
1. Fertilizer and water management
Kyoho grapes have very strong growth vigor and also have a large demand for fertilizer and water, so fertilizer and water management for Kyoho grapes must be strengthened. Experiments show that for every 100 units of increased berry yield, Kyoho grapes require 1.5:1:1.5 kg of pure nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizer. Also, during the berry growth period, maintaining sufficient water can effectively enlarge the berries and increase yield, but water should not be excessive, because excessive water will reduce the sugar content of the fruit, cause high acidity, poor coloring, fruit cracking, and other problems. It will also induce many diseases, such as gray mold, and cause great harm to the aroma, color, and taste of Kyoho grapes, seriously affecting quality. So water should be applied in the right amount, and watering should stop half a month before harvest. Nitrogen fertilizer should also be controlled and not applied excessively, while potassium and phosphorus fertilizer should be increased to prevent excessive vegetative growth of the plant and avoid affecting air and light penetration.
2. Reasonable pruning
Many times, in order to increase yield, fruit growers do not thin the inflorescences or pinch the flower clusters in summer, resulting in insufficient and scattered nutrient supply, inconsistent fruit ripening times, and uneven fruit sizes. Also, in winter, light pruning with long shoots left and too many canes retained will cause the fruiting position to move upward, with excessive load and uneven distribution leading to nutritional imbalance, which has a great impact on the formation of high-quality fruit. Therefore, for Kyoho grapes, the main shoot should be pinched before flowering, secondary shoots should be removed, and nutrients should be directed to the flower organs. A portion of the inflorescences should also be appropriately thinned, and about one quarter of the tip should be pinched off around four days before flowering so that nutrients are concentrated in the berries.
3. Disease control
Disease is the main reason harming the quality of Kyoho grapes. After harvest in winter, the orchard should be thoroughly cleaned, plowed and disinfected, and diseased and disabled branches should be dealt with. Before grape bud break in spring, spray Baume degree lime sulfur mixture to control powdery mildew and felt disease. After flowering, spray an equal amount of Bordeaux mixture to control black spot disease. If damage from grape clearwing moth is found on the fruit, some dichlorvos can be injected into the borings, then the insect holes should be sealed with clay. Also, to prevent the fruit from being contaminated by pesticides, spraying should stop 15 days before picking.
4. Timely harvesting
The growth period of Kyoho grapes is about April to May. Under correct cultivation techniques and management methods, they generally begin to color in July and mature in late August. In late August, when the grape berries turn purple, the sugar content exceeds 15%, and the aroma is relatively strong, that is the most suitable time for harvesting. Also, harvesting should be chosen after the morning dew has dried, or in the afternoon. It is not suitable to harvest on cloudy or foggy days, and humidity and heat damage during harvest should be reduced as much as possible. This prevents disease during storage.
The above are methods for improving the quality of Kyoho grapes. Everyone must pay special attention to fertilizer and water management and disease, because these two aspects have the greatest impact on Kyoho grapes. A small mistake can lead to a large reduction in grape yield or even total crop failure. This has a huge impact on farmers' economic interests and may mean losing everything. So everyone must have correct management methods to protect the growth of grapes. If you want to learn more related information, please continue to follow Qinong Web!