Detailed Explanation of Key Points for Waxberry Planting Technology and Cultivation Management Methods
Waxberry (Chinese bayberry, Myrica rubra) is a common fruit in southern regions. It has a sweet and sour taste, is rich in nutrients, and can also be processed into canned goods, jam, preserved fruit, and other foods, giving it high economic value. So do you know how it is planted? Below, Qinnong Network brings you the planting technology for waxberry. Let's take a look together.
1. Site Selection
Waxberry is a fruit tree that can tolerate poor soil, so it can be planted in most plots, but hillside plots near water sources and deep, fertile, slightly acidic soil are most suitable. At the same time, attention should also be paid to staggering the ripening period and the market period. Choose to plant mid-to-late maturing varieties at an altitude between 400-800 m, and plant early maturing varieties at an altitude below 400 m.
2. Planting
Select seedlings with strong adaptability, strong stress resistance, strong disease resistance, and good yield for planting. The planting time is generally in spring from February to March, when the temperature is suitable for the growth of young trees and helps improve the survival rate of planting. When planting, pay attention to density. Waxberry trees can reach 7-8 m tall, and the crown is large. In order to ensure the permeability of each plant, generally 25-30 plants are planted per mu. When planting, large holes and large seedlings should be used, sufficient base fertilizer should be applied, and the seedlings should be kept upright, the roots spread out, and planting should be deep. In addition, when planting, attention should be paid to the proportion of male plants for pollination by superior pollen.
3. Soil, Fertilizer, and Water Management
In order to make it grow quickly and increase yield, soil, fertilizer, and water management are indispensable. In addition to applying sufficient base fertilizer, fertilizer should also be applied according to the growth stage. Generally, topdressing is mainly based on plant ash and farmyard manure, supplemented with an appropriate amount of chemical fertilizer and organic fertilizer. Fertilizer should be applied 2-3 times each year. Especially in the fruit stage, potassium fertilizer should be applied emphatically. After 3-4 months of planting, the waxberry root system will fill the planting hole. If it continues to grow at this time, it will encounter obstacles from hard soil or stones, so the surrounding soil needs to be deeply plowed and loosened, which is beneficial to root growth.
4. Shaping and Pruning
Shaping and pruning the plant can promote more branching, form a tree crown, and allow earlier fruiting. The specific method is: after the seedlings are planted and survive, cut off the top shoot of the main trunk to promote sprouting. After sprouting, remove all the lower buds and keep only the upper part of the buds, so that nutrients are concentrated, which can make it produce thick branches. In the second year, keep 2-3 strong main branches and cut off all other branches. Keep 2-3 new buds on the main branches and let them continue to branch, so that a round tree crown can be quickly formed. In addition, during pruning, also cut off all diseased and insect-damaged branches, weak branches, leggy branches, dead branches, and dense branches, as they are all unfavorable to the growth of the main branches. After the fruit is harvested, old branches should be cut off to avoid excessive consumption of nutrients.
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