Detailed Explanation of Key Points of High-Yield Pear Tree Cultivation Techniques
The pear is one of the three major fruits in China, with a long history of cultivation and an extremely wide distribution range in China. The pear is also a fruit that people love, as it is rich in nutrients. Besides being eaten fresh, it can also be made into various products, and it is an important export product of China. Most pear trees can bear fruit in the same year they are planted, and basically 100% bear fruit in the second year, with remarkable economic benefits. Below, Qinnong.com brings you the high-yield cultivation techniques for pears.
1. Reasonable planting
Select soil with deep soil layers, loose and fertile texture, and good drainage for planting. The planting time can be from September to March of the following year, or before November. Before planting, dig a planting pit one meter long and one meter wide, then apply sufficient base fertilizer in the pit, and cover with a layer of fine soil before planting. Select saplings that are robust in growth, disease-free, and undamaged for planting. Place them vertically into the planting pit, then mound soil, and water thoroughly once. When planting, pay attention to planting density; it should not be too dense. Generally, the plant spacing is 2*3 m.
2. Fertilizer and water management
In addition to applying sufficient base fertilizer at planting time, additional fertilizer should be applied later. Especially in the early stage, in order to make the pear tree grow quickly, nitrogen fertilizer is often applied to promote the growth of the pear tree. From after flowering to before flower bud differentiation, compound fertilizer should be applied to supplement the nutrients needed for plant growth. Then, during the fruit expansion period, potassium fertilizer and a small amount of phosphate fertilizer should be applied to make the fruit expand quickly. Pear trees have strong drought tolerance. Generally, after each fertilization, watering once is sufficient.
3. Pruning and pollination
In order to make the plant grow robustly, bloom and bear more fruit, and increase yield, shaping and pruning are necessary. When the seedlings grow to 70 to 80 cm, they should be pruned to set the shape. Pruning buds promotes branching and accelerates canopy formation. When the tree shape has already formed, at this time it is necessary to prune upright, overly dense large branches, water sprouts, diseased and pest-infested branches, and ineffective branches, and retain more auxiliary branches. In addition, to ensure fruit output, in addition to increasing fertilizer during the flowering period, artificial pollination should also be carried out to ensure a high yield.
4. Pest and disease control
Pests and diseases are also one of the reasons affecting pear tree yield. The main diseases of pear trees include powdery mildew, ring rot, and rust. They mainly harm the plant's leaves and fruits, preventing normal growth and development and resulting in fewer flowers and fruits. In severe cases, they cause plant death and total crop failure. The control method is agricultural control combined with chemical pesticide control. Before planting, disinfect the saplings and soil, and then spray pesticide for control. The main insect pests of pear trees are aphids, pear psyllids, pear fruit borers, and pear stem sawflies, etc. They suck the sap from young tender parts and branches and leaves or gnaw on plant parts, affecting plant growth and reducing yield. Likewise, combine the two methods for control. Before overwintering, clear the weeds and debris around the plants to reduce pest sources. When the disease occurs, spray with pesticide.
The above is the high-yield cultivation techniques for pears brought to you by Qinnong.com. We hope it can help you. Follow Qinnong.com to learn more related knowledge.