What causes early defoliation of pear trees? Detailed explanation of prevention and control methods
Pears are delicious and juicy, sweet with a hint of sourness, and rich in nutrients. They are rich in a variety of vitamins and fiber, and can be eaten fresh or used medicinally. They have the effect of relieving constipation and aiding digestion, and among the people they are also used to make rock sugar snow pear, which has a cough-relieving effect. Our country is also a major pear-growing country. When many people grow them, they discover the phenomenon of early defoliation of pear trees, which causes a large loss of nutrients and makes the quality and yield of the fruit somewhat poorer. So what should be done about early defoliation of pear trees? Below, Qinnong.com brings you the causes and prevention and control methods of early defoliation of pear trees.
1. Water imbalance
In order to speed up the growth rate of pear trees, many people tend to apply more chemical fertilizer when fertilizing and ignore the application of organic fertilizer, which ultimately leads to an increasing organic content in the soil and finally causes the soil to harden into blocks. The soil's water storage and drainage capacity becomes poorer, causing the plants to be unable to absorb water. Especially during drought, even watering has little effect, and water is also prone to accumulate. Because the soil is hardened, soil aeration is extremely poor, root growth is hindered, and finally the leaves wilt and fall off.
Prevention and control methods: Fertilization should include an appropriate amount of organic fertilizer. Deep plow the soil once every year to prevent soil hardening. In addition, fertilization can be combined with several rounds of cultivating and weeding, which can increase soil permeability. In addition, water promptly during drought and drain promptly during the rainy season.
2. Dense planting and improper pruning
Some growers choose too high a planting density in order to achieve per-mu yield. As the pear trees grow and their crowns take shape, this causes the plants to become closed in with one another, resulting in poor ventilation and light transmission. Many leaves cannot receive sunlight for photosynthesis, ultimately leading to early defoliation. In addition, improper pruning can also cause this phenomenon.
Prevention and control methods: Plant at a reasonable density according to the varietal characteristics and cultivation methods of the pear trees, so that a certain distance is maintained between each tree. If, after the crowns take shape, the plants are found to be too densely packed, thin or clear them in time. For vigorously growing pear trees, prune them to control the number of branches and the height of the crown, so that they bloom and bear fruit more and yield increases.
3. Pests and diseases
Many pests and diseases cause great damage to pear trees. These pests and diseases harm the leaves of pear trees and cause the leaves to fall off. The diseases include pear scab and black spot, and the pests include pear psylla, two-spotted spider mite, pear leaf-curling aphid, and others
Prevention and control methods: There are many means of pest and disease control, for example, starting from the source of pests and diseases by collecting and burning the weeds, fallen branches, and fallen leaves around the planting area, and disinfecting the plants and soil. In addition, pests can be controlled using their natural enemies, and diseases can be controlled with chemical agents.
4. Improper use of chemicals
Whether we are disinfecting or preventing and controlling pests and diseases, we use some chemical agents. These agents themselves cause a certain amount of harm to the plants. If they are mixed and used, or if the concentration of the agent is too high or it is used too many times, they will all cause the leaves to fall off early.
Prevention and control methods: The use of chemicals should be based on the problems encountered by the plants and the properties of the agent. One should master the concentration and method of use, formulate scientifically, pay attention to the period of use, and it is not suitable to use them frequently.
The above is what Qinnong.com brings you regarding the causes and prevention and control methods of early defoliation of pear trees. The editor explained the causes of early defoliation of pear trees from four aspects and brought you its prevention and control methods, hoping it can be of some help to you.