Methods and Key Technical Points for the Prevention and Control of Pests and Diseases in Winter Jujube
Winter jujube takes nearly a year from sowing to final harvest; sowing begins in spring, and the fruit does not ripen until winter. It has extremely strong adaptability and can adapt to various soils and temperatures. Although it has strong adaptability, many diseases still occur during its year-long growth process. So what diseases occur in winter jujube? How should these diseases be handled? Details are as follows.
1. Black spot disease
Black spot disease is the most common disease in various planting regions. It occurs every year, and the condition is becoming increasingly severe. Black spot disease mainly invades the leaves of winter jujube, and then begins to invade young fruit when young fruit appears. Diseased fruit and leaves all develop a kind of black spot, and the flesh is slightly sunken and decayed. The pathogen is mainly a kind of fungus. The peak period of black spot disease is in summer, and summer happens to be a period of high temperature and frequent rain. This environment is extremely favorable for the spread of the pathogen. Agents such as Kejunkang can be used for prevention and control.
2. Fruit shrinkage disease
The incidence of fruit shrinkage disease has been increasing in recent years, and it mainly harms the fruit. After the fruit is infected, pale yellow diseased spots appear on the fruit surface and are accompanied by halos; afterward, they slowly sink, and the fruit skin becomes wrinkled and lusterless. The peak period of this disease occurs at around 25 degrees Celsius. In the later stage of fruit shrinkage disease, pest damage also occurs; for example, pests such as stink bugs feed at the diseased areas and further damage the fruit. If winter jujube is infected with this disease, insecticides should be mixed with agents such as diniconazole for application. Fertilizing during the flowering period is the best stage for preventing and controlling this disease. The effect is also the most obvious.
3. Fruit rot disease
The pathogen of fruit rot disease is mainly caused by the invasion of bacteria and fungi, and the peak incidence period is during the summer heat. High temperature and frequent rain increase the amount of rotten fruit. The main symptom of fruit rot is varying degrees of decay on the fruit, accompanied by a foul odor, ultimately leading to fruit drop. This seriously affects yield. For fruit rot disease, prevention should be given priority. Agents such as thiophanate-methyl should be used for prevention and control on the eve of the peak period. When summer arrives, pay attention to cooling and drainage in the orchard, and try to keep the fruit trees in the same environment.
4. Anthracnose
Anthracnose is a disease that many fruits are relatively prone to contract. When infection first occurs, yellow or brown spots appear on the fruit, and the spots gradually expand and finally merge to form a large patch. This causes the flesh and core to turn black. This disease mainly occurs on diseased fruit that has fruit shrinkage disease. Rainy weather spreads it very easily, and the disease begins in summer. Prevention should also mainly be given priority; in the months when the disease occurs, pesticides such as polyoxin should be sprayed for prevention.
The above four diseases are the diseases most likely to occur during the growth of winter jujube. Of course, they are not the only ones; for example, there are also bitter pit disease, canker disease, and so on. The editor has only listed several of the most likely diseases. Other diseases with a lower probability of occurrence should also be prevented and controlled in a timely manner. As long as it is a disease, it will harm the growth of the jujube tree and harm one's own economic interests. To learn more related information, please continue to follow Qinnong Network!