How to Cultivate the Late Autumn Shoots of Lychee? Detailed Management Measures
Fertigation technology combines fertilization with irrigation, applying fertilizer through drip irrigation equipment. Applying automated drip fertigation technology to the lychee cultivars Heiye, Feizixiao, Nuomici, Guiwei and Huaizhi can significantly increase lychee yield, raise the proportion of large fruits, and ensure high and stable yields; it significantly saves labor, fertilizer and...
1. Timely fertilization
During the growth and development of late autumn shoots of lychee, shoot-pushing fertilizer and shoot-strengthening fertilizer must be applied in time. From mid-to-late August to early-to-mid September, apply shoot-pushing fertilizer, mainly quick-dissolving and fast-acting nitrogen fertilizer and potassium fertilizer; for trees over 10 years old, apply 1-1.5 kg of urea and 0.5-1 kg of potassium chloride per tree, broadcast after rain, or drench with water. From mid-to-late September to early-to-mid October, apply shoot-strengthening fertilizer, mainly nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, 1.5-2 kg per tree, applied in a ring trench 25-30 cm deep and 25-30 cm wide dug around the drip line of the canopy, or apply 80-100 kg of decomposed human, livestock and poultry manure water. In this way, with sufficient nutrients supplied in time, autumn shoots can be promoted to sprout and grow strong.
2. Foliar topdressing
During the sprouting period of late autumn shoots of lychee, spray the foliage once every 7-10 days with a mixture of 0.1% magnesium sulfate, 0.2% urea, 0.3% monopotassium phosphate, 1000 times triacontanol, and 1500 times Shennongsu chelated fertilizer, or with an 800 times water solution of Gaomeishi liquid fertilizer specially for fruit trees, spraying 3-5 times consecutively, evenly wetting all leaves, until water droplets begin to drip down, which helps promote the sprouting of autumn shoots and make them strong.
3. Control of diseases and pests
Late autumn shoots of lychee are very susceptible to damage by felt disease, leaf roller moths, Conopomorpha sinensis, tussock moths, scarab beetles, anthracnose and other diseases and pests, causing leaves to wither, curl and fall off, reducing the quality of bearing mother branches, so control must be paid attention to. During the sprouting period of late autumn shoots of lychee, at the stages when the buds are plump and about to sprout late autumn shoots, when late autumn shoots have just sprouted, and when late autumn shoots have just unfolded leaves, spray the foliage once each time with a mixture of 1000 times Lorsban and 800 times Topsin-M, or a mixture of 1000 times Anlubao and 600 times Ridomil, or a mixture of 1500 times Decis and 600 times carbendazim, evenly wetting all branches and leaves, until water droplets begin to drip down, to eliminate the various diseases and pests harming the late autumn shoots.
4. Shortening the late autumn shoots
When all the late autumn shoots of lychee have emerged, the leaf color has turned light green, and the leaf size has basically become fixed, shorten them by about 1/4, that is, remove the terminal buds from the top 2-3 new leaves, retaining 15-20 cm of basal shoots. In this way, the basal shoots have sufficient nutrients and dark green leaves, and flower bud differentiation is good, laying a good foundation for the emergence of good flower clusters the following year.
5. Broadcasting slaked lime
After the late autumn shoots of lychee have fully turned green and matured, broadcast slaked lime powder once; for trees over 10 years old, apply about 3-4 kg per tree, evenly broadcast on the surface soil under the canopy; it is best to broadcast when the soil is moist after rain. If the autumn weather is dry and the soil is dry, first spray water on the tree plate to moisten the soil before broadcasting, so as to improve the effect of broadcasting.