What are the key technical points for summer management of persimmon trees?
How should persimmon trees be managed in summer? Please provide guidance. The summer management methods for persimmon trees can refer to the following points: 1. Fruit thinning. For astringent persimmons, from mid-May to early June; for sweet persimmons, from early June to early July. After the physiological fruit drop ends, select and keep healthy young fruits free of pests and diseases at a ratio of 20-25 leaves to one fruit. What should be removed are deformed fruits, pest- and disease-damaged fruits, fruits set on branches less than 15 cm long or with fewer than 5 leaves, and fruits on the base and tips of bearing branches.
How should persimmon trees be managed in summer? Please provide guidance.
The summer management methods for persimmon trees can refer to the following points:
1. Fruit thinning. For astringent persimmons, from mid-May to early June; for sweet persimmons, from early June to early July. After the physiological fruit drop ends, select and keep healthy young fruits free of pests and diseases at a ratio of 20-25 leaves to one fruit. What should be removed are deformed fruits, pest- and disease-damaged fruits, fruits set on branches less than 15 cm long or with fewer than 5 leaves, and fruits on the base and tips of bearing branches.
2. Girdling. For mature bearing trees, carry out girdling once in mid- to late May. The method is: use a sharp knife to make a ring cut around the trunk 2-3 mm wide, and lightly make a longitudinal cut with the tip of the knife, but neither should damage the xylem, then use the knife tip to gently lift and peel off the narrow strip of bark. The purpose of girdling is to prevent the nutrients produced by persimmon leaves during photosynthesis - carbohydrates - from being transported to the roots, which helps to plump the fruit.
3. Intertillage, weed control and irrigation. According to weed growth, carry out intertillage and weed control 2-3 times in summer. And persist in shallow hoeing of 7-10 cm under the canopy and deep hoeing of 25-30 cm outside the canopy. During drought in July-August, irrigate in time to resist drought. All persimmon orchards without intercropping should be fully covered with grass, which can preserve soil moisture and increase fertility, maintain water, soil and fertilizer, prevent weeds from growing rampantly, and provide cold protection, sunscald protection and soil improvement, but attention must be paid to fire prevention in dry weather.
4. Topdressing. May-June is the peak growth season, and the roots and shoots have strong growth vigor. For 1-2 year old young trees, the fertilizer amount per plant is quick-acting fertilizer of 20 g pure nitrogen, 10 g calcium superphosphate and 20 g potassium chloride. For 3-5 year old trees, the fertilizer amount per plant is twice that for 1-2 year old trees. For mature bearing trees, the summer fertilizer amount per mu is 4 kg pure nitrogen (equivalent to 7.8 kg urea), 4 kg calcium superphosphate and 4 kg potassium chloride. And outside the vertical drip line of the canopy, at 5-10 cm from young trees and 15-20 cm from mature bearing trees, dig a ring-shaped ditch 20 cm wide and 20 cm deep. And on cloudy days or before 9 a.m. and after 5 p.m. on sunny days, apply the above 3 fertilizers and immediately backfill with soil to cover.
5. Pest and disease control. The main diseases include persimmon circular leaf spot, angular leaf spot, anthracnose and powdery mildew. Spraying with 0.3-0.5 degree Baume lime sulfur mixture or 50% thiophanate-methyl powder at 800-1500 times dilution can be used. Bordeaux mixture at 1:2:100 can also be used for spraying. The main pests include persimmon tussock moth, scarab beetles, persimmon fruit borer, blood spot leafhopper, persimmon shoot noctuid and nettle caterpillars, etc., and 40% omethoate at 500-1000 times dilution or 50% potassium ammonium phosphorus at 1000-1500 times dilution can be used for spraying. For nettle caterpillars, use crystalline trichlorfon at 600-800 times dilution for nighttime spraying.
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