How to prevent and control diseases in grape cultivation in summer?
Grape white rot, grape downy mildew: how to prevent and control diseases in summer when growing grapes? Please provide guidance methods. In summer there is more rainfall, and grapes are prone to diseases occurring over large areas. Therefore, for grape growers, special attention must be paid to disease prevention and control in summer, especially to the prevention and control of black pox, white rot, anthracnose, and downy mildew...
Grape white rotGrape downy mildew
How to prevent and control diseases in summer when growing grapes? Please provide guidance methods
In summer there is more rainfall, and grapes are prone to diseases occurring over large areas. Therefore, for grape growers, special attention must be paid to disease prevention and control in summer, especially to the prevention and control of black pox, white rot, anthracnose, and downy mildew.
1. Focus on prevention and spray pesticides in time. For pesticides with a residual effect period of 17 to 21 days, generally spray once every 15 days. If rain occurs in between, depending on the amount of rain, shorten the number of days until the next spraying as appropriate. If heavy rain occurs right after spraying, spray again once the weather clears. If two adjacent pesticides are respectively alkaline or acidic, strictly observe the interval time to prevent the two pesticides from acid-base neutralization.
2. When disease is first seen, treat it in time. Under conditions of continuous overcast and rain and high temperature and humidity, grapes are most susceptible to disease. For this reason, conduct a comprehensive observation in the vineyard once every day. When disease is first seen, spray the corresponding pesticide. For the prevention and control of downy mildew, 70% Kebo 600-fold solution, 80% phosethyl Al 300-fold solution, or 1:0.7:180 Bordeaux mixture can be used.
3. Use Bordeaux mixture as the main treatment and match it with other pesticides. In the process of preventing grape diseases, Bordeaux mixture should be used as the main treatment and matched with other pesticides, giving a relatively good disease prevention effect. Spray a 1:0.5:240 solution once before flowering, spray a 1:0.7:220 solution once after flowering, spray a 1:0.7:200 solution once during the grape swelling stage, spray a 1:1:180 solution once after grape harvest, and spray a 1:1:160 solution 1 to 2 times in autumn. If diseases such as white rot and anthracnose occur in between, then spray the corresponding pesticide, but the pesticides for preventing and controlling these diseases are mostly acidic. When spraying, note that the product must first be tested on a small area before use on a large area.
5. Loosen the soil in time to increase soil permeability. In the rainy season, especially after heavy rain or torrential rain, the surface soil in the vineyard will become compacted and soil aeration will be poor, causing grape roots to lack oxygen, weakening the vine vigor, reducing resistance, and making them susceptible to disease. Therefore, carry out one intertillage of the soil before the rainy season. During the rainy season, seize the gaps on rainless days to intertill the vineyard in order to increase soil permeability.
6. Clean up lateral shoots to facilitate ventilation and light penetration. In the rainy season, grapes are most prone to excessive vegetative growth, and the incidence of lateral shoots is very high. Pinch the grapes in time and remove the lateral shoots in time. At the same time, for plants with too many new shoots, thin out a portion of them.
7. Clean the orchard at the proper time to curb the spread of disease sources. A high-temperature and high-humidity environment favors the spread of pathogens. Therefore, clean the orchard at all times, remove diseased leaves, diseased branches, and diseased fruits from the orchard, and bury them deeply or burn them. At the same time, remove weeds from the orchard in time.
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